made the kingship decline for two weeks, enfeoffment made the Western Han Dynasty fall into the Seven Kingdoms Rebellion, enfeoffment made the Western Jin Dynasty fall into the Eight Kings Rebellion, and enfeoffment made the Ming Dynasty fall into the battle of Jingnan. The system of enfeoffment will only plunge the country into civil strife, and it is not beneficial. Once the central government realizes the influence of the power of the vassal on the rule, the cutting of the vassal becomes inevitable.
Emperor Jing of the Han succeeded in cutting the domain, Emperor Jianwen failed to cut the domain, the situation of the Ming Dynasty kings was a bit different. Zhu Di was the most capable person among the princes, and he should have been the best candidate for the emperor. Zhu Yuanzhang set up Zhu Biao because of the "patriarchal system." His son Zhu Yunqi was the emperor, and Zhu Di was dissatisfied and laid the cause for the "Jingnan Battle". After Zhu Yunqiu came to power, he ruthlessly cut the feudal vassal so that Zhu Di's interests were damaged. He used the excuse to launch the "Jingnan Battle" and became the new term of the Ming Dynasty. The monarch, Zhu Yun's ruthless cutting of feudal vassals is a fruit. The essence of the outbreak of the Battle of Jingnan lies in the understanding of the "patriarchal system" and the "feudal system", and one will discover why the "Battle of Jingnan" broke out. Z1z
enfeoffment system and patriarchal system
King Wu defeated Zhou, King Wu fought east, and the territory doubled. The Zhou Dynasty ruled a vast territory and promoted the system of enfeoffment. With the Zhou dynasty capital as the center point, surrounded by stars and vassal states guarding the Zhou royal family, the princes' kingdoms used their fiefs as their strongholds to expand outward to guard the Zhou royal family.
The enfeoffment system and the patriarchal system are closely linked. The patriarchal system allows the eldest son to be the heir, and the royal rule is more stable. The eldest son of the other brothers is Fenzong, who ruled all over the place instead of the Zhou royal family. The
patriarchal clan system and the system of sub-feudation established strict hierarchies, allowing clan relatives and descendants of heroes to rule all regions. As the eldest son of the clan and the monarch, the Zhou dynasty had unprecedented control over various regions. Disadvantages of the enfeoffment system of
: In the late Zhou Dynasty of
, the emperor's blood relationship was alienated from his clan, and the enfeoffment system survived in name only.
In order to maintain the enfeoffment system, the Zhou royal family made more people become prince kings through continuous expansion of the territory. The country's territorial expansion and military power reached a certain point, and the shortcomings of the enfeoffment system would be revealed. The name
belongs to the Zhou royal family, and the princes have great autonomy over their respective territories. The Zhou royal family's power continued to weaken, unable to maintain its own expenses, and its rule fell into crisis. The enfeoffment system of
was a big historical push. It was verified by the Zhou, Han, and Western Jin dynasties that it did not conform to the actual situation. Zhu Yuanzhang's choice of enfeoffment system did not conform to the historical situation and would only put the rule in crisis. Z1z
Zhu Yuanzhang was entrusted with the general trend to stabilize the central rule:
Zhu Yuanzhang set up the Ming Dynasty to ensure the long-term stability of the Ming Dynasty, canonize his adult children and grandchildren to various places. Z1z
Zhu Yuanzhang attaches great importance to the defense of the north, so he sent the nine vassal kings of Yan Wang Zhu Di and Ning Wang Zhu Quan to key areas to guard the territory of the Ming Dynasty.
Each prince has his own guards, ranging from 3,000 to as high as 19,000. The northern kings of the Nine Sais had the responsibility to guard the land, and the military power of the vassals was much higher than that of the inland vassals. Not only did they have their own private army, but they could also control the local army.
When Zhu Yuanzhang divided the kings, Ye Boju, who was instructed by Pingyao County, pointed out that the power of the princes was too strong and threatened the central government. The “Seven Kingdoms Rebellion” of the Han Dynasty and the “Eight Kings Rebellion” of the Western Jin Dynasty would break out again, reminding Zhu Yuanzhang to weaken the princes right. Zhu Yuanzhang did not listen to the advice, but instead imprisoned him and died. Z1z
Zhu Biao is the eldest son of Zhu Yuanzhang and he should be succeeded to the throne. Zhu Yuanzhang has high expectations for him. Zhu Biao died early and completely disrupted his plan. He could only re-select his successor. Zhu Di was originally the best candidate. He was not a son, so Zhu Yuanzhang didn't consider him, so he chose Yi Zhuyun. In the matter of Zhu Yuanzhang's establishment of a prince, he valued the succession of the eldest son in the "patriarchal system", so he chose Zhu Yunxuan instead of Zhu Di.
After Zhu Biao passed away, Zhu Yuanzhang felt deeply that the founding heroes would affect the Ming regime, and he began to massacre the heroes, thus fundamentally preventing the founding heroes from making chaos. Zhu Yuanzhang slaughtered all the heroes of the founding of the country, so he assigned a lot of rights to his son, so that the king has the right to purify the emperor.
Zhu Yuanzhang restricts the power of the vassal prince and the legacy of "Jing Nan"
Zhu Yuanzhang stipulates that the vassal princes cannot return to the capital at the same time. Only after one prince leaves the capital, the other prince can enter the capital. Zhu Yuanzhang's move was to prevent the vassal vassal from coming and going to confront the central government. Zhu Yuanzhang's good intentions actually did not contain the outbreak of the Battle of Jingnan.
"Emperor Ming Zu Xun" has such a sentence, "There is no righteous minister in the court, and there are treacherous rebellious officials in the court, and they must be condemned by soldiers, and the emperor's side must be cleared." To prevent the central government officials, Zhu Yuanzhang letThe vassal kings have enough power to eliminate the powerful ministers to ensure the stability of Ming's rule. Later, after Emperor Jianwen vigorously slashed the feudal clan, Zhu Di used "the side of the Qing Dynasty" as an excuse to "Jing Nan" to purge the two treacherous officials beside Jianwen Emperor Qi Tai and Huang Zicheng.
The Battle of Jingnan: After the
Jianwen Emperor Zhu Yunqi ascended the throne, the power of the vassal king was too strong. Qi Tai and Huang Zicheng proposed to cut the vassal, and Zhu Yunqi acquiesced. The five vassals under the support of Emperor Jianwen were abolished one after another, which made Zhu Di, the king of Yan in Peking, deeply feel the crisis, and decided to raise troops to protect himself.
The battle of Jingnan began: In December of the first year of the founding of
(1398), Zhu Yunzheng sent Zhang Ming and Xie Gui to take charge of all affairs of Peking, and let Song Zhong garrison troops around Beiping to prevent King Yan from rebelling, and Zhu Di fell into life and death. He could only prepare for rebellion in private. In order to gain more time, he first pretended to be ill and tricked Zhu Yunqi into putting his three sons back, so that he could worry about the future. Later, due to the rebellion of the governor of the palace, Shi Gecheng, Zhu Yunqi learned that Zhu Di deceived the court.
Zhu Di was extremely dissatisfied with his father's making Zhu Yunxuan the emperor. In addition, this kid was not kind and cruel and forced him to survive through rebellion. After Zhu Di carefully arranged to kill Zhang Bing, Xie Gui and the Fuzhong trainee Gecheng sent by the court, he quickly controlled Peking and let his elder Zhu Gaochi guard Peking. After
defeated Geng Bingwen,
, and Zhu Di took down Beiping City, he quickly won the surrounding cities, so that he had no worries and gave himself enough energy to deal with the imperial army. After learning that Zhu Di was rebelling, Emperor Jianwen sent Geng Bingwen to fight against Zhu Di. Zhu Di took a heavy challenge and quickly defeated the 130,000 army of Geng Bingwen.
defeated Li Jinglong
After the Jianwen Emperor heard that Geng Bingwen was defeated, he worshiped Li Jinglong as a general, and ran out of 500,000 troops to defeat Zhu Di in one fell swoop. Li Jinglong was originally the son of a dude. Li Jinglong had no talents and relied on his father Li Wenzhong to become a general. After Li Jinglong arrived in Shandong, he quickly collected Geng Bingwen and prepared to take down Zhu Di in one fell swoop. Zhu Di calmly challenged, luring the enemy into deep, quickly defeated Jiangyin Hou Wu Gao stationed in Yongping County, the elder son Zhu Gaochi insisted on Peking.
After Zhu Di defeated Wu Gao, he attacked King Ning Zhu Quan and gained the power of Doyan Sanwei, the elite soldier of King Ning Zhu Quan.
After Zhu Di returned to Peking, he quickly commanded the Yan army and the southern army to fight a decisive battle at Zhengcunba. The Yan army defeated the seventh battalion of the southern army relying on strong combat power, and Li Jinglong retreated with a defeat.
defeated Li Jinglong again: In April of the second year of the establishment of
(1400), Li Jinglong gathered 600,000 troops to defeat the Yan Army, and the Yan Army fought against the Southern Army in Baigou River. This conquest of Nanjing mobilized Ping An, Guo Ying and Qu Neng The father and son and other famous generals crusade against the Yan army caused great trouble for Zhu Di. Fortunately, Zhu Di was lucky and won the victory again. The southern army was defeated again. Qu Neng and his son were killed. The remaining generals fled the battlefield one after another. Li Jinglong was determined that he could only withdraw his troops. Z1z
has won all three battles. Zhu Di has the ability to win the court. Z1z
has defeated the court army three times within a year. The Yan king Zhu Di has enough strength to fight against the court. The court wants to eliminate the Yan army. After the Battle of Baigouhe, Zhu Di led his troops to the south, winning battles such as the Battle of Jinan, the Battle of Dongchang, and the Battle of Mingcheng. Zhu Di had already drunk the Yangtze River and threatened the capital at any time.
In the third year of Jianwen (1491), Zhu Di launched the Battle of Crossing the River. He first broke through Shengyong to set up a line of defense, and then took down Xuyi, Yangzhou, Gaoyou and other places to clear the defense around the capital.
Jianwen emperor sees this badly, and has sent people to negotiate with Zhu Di many times without obtaining corresponding results. There is no aid outside, and the hearts of the people inside are floating, and Zhu Yunqi is in desperation. In this case, Zhu Di led his troops to station in Longtan. Zhu Yunxuan was shocked. On the one hand, he let people continue the negotiation, and on the other hand, let the kings and military ministers guard the gates. The Gu Kings Zhu Su and Li Jinglong saw that the situation could not be reversed, opened the Jinchuan gate and surrendered. The army entered the city smoothly.
After Zhu Di entered the city, Zhu Yunxie set fire to the palace. Zhu Di quickly entered the imperial city to calm the fire. However, he did not find Zhu Yunxie, and Zhu Di became the next emperor of the Ming Dynasty under the support of everyone. There are various theories about Zhu Yunqi's whereabouts. Zhu Yunqi died of self-immolation. Zhu Yunqi escaped from Nanjing by secret road and became a monk. So far, there is no clear statement about Zhu Yunqi's death, which has become a major historical mystery. Z1z
summarized:
's "feudal system" and "patriarchal system" were the cause of the Jing Nan campaign. Zhu Di believes that your father Zhu Yuanzhang's arrangement for the throne was extremely unfair, and his heart has always longed for the highest position.
Zhu Yuanzhang did not pass the throne to Zhu Di after Zhu Biao passed away. Zhu Di was extremely dissatisfied and helpless.The situation has been set and can only be observed. If it weren't for Emperor Jianwen's vigorous reduction of the feudal clan, Zhu Di forced him to defend himself and seize the throne smoothly.
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