Sun Simiao (541-682) was a great medical scientist in the Sui and Tang Dynasties in my country. He is pure and virtuous, indifferent to fame and fortune, and open-minded, and can be called a real saint; his medical skills are superb and exquisite, and his medical ethics are reflected in ancient and modern times, and he is called " King of Medicine "; his two works, " Qianjin " - "Preparing for Emergency and Preparation" and " Qianjin Yifang " are recognized by the medical and academic circles as "China's earliest medical encyclopedia."
In the seventh year of the Western Wei Dynasty, Sun Simiao was born in Sunjiayuan Village, Yao County, Shaanxi Province. It is located in the Loess Plateau . It has harsh natural conditions, scarce water resources, and extremely poor living conditions. For Sun Simiao, who has lived in this environment since childhood, he has a deep understanding of the sufferings of the people.
Poor families, many years of childhood
Sun Simiao was weak and sickly when he was young and needed to take medicine all year round, which made the already poor family even worse. However, Sun Simiao's parents did not delay their son's study because of the hardships of life. They tightened their clothes and insisted on letting Sun Simiao become a disciple. Therefore, Sun Simiao was grateful for his parents' painstaking efforts and hated his health that he was not good at. He worked hard to study hard in order to achieve great success. However, he was rushing to the plague and saw that his life was in danger. It is said that he had to give medicine to a genius doctor with a handsome face to save his life. This incident touched Sun Simiao a lot and deeply felt the importance of being a doctor. So when he was eight years old, he vowed to practice medicine as his lifelong career and save people who are troubled by illness in the world.
"Qianjin Yaofang"
Sun Simiao attaches great importance to folk medical treatment experience, accumulates it continuously, and records it immediately, and finally completes the medical masterpiece "Qianjin Yaofang". Since the titles of ancient medical books are influenced by age, version, historical reasons, the same book often has different names. Different titles are actually the same book. Therefore, " Qianjin Fang ", "Qianjin Yao Fang" and "Preparing for Emergency Qianjin Yao Fang" are all works with the same content written by Sun Simiao. The book was written in 652 AD. The author regards human life as the title of "Qianjin".
Qianjin Prescription
"Qianjin Prescription" summarizes the medical achievements of before the Tang Dynasty . The first article in the book " Great Doctors' Sincerity " and "Great Doctors' Career" are the foundation of traditional Chinese medicine ethics; the discussion on the special volume of gynecology and pediatrics laid the foundation for independence of gynecology and pediatrics in the Song Dynasty; its treatment of internal medicine diseases advocates the use of "five internal organs as the main points, cold and heat deficiency and excess as the target" , and set a precedent for the classification of internal organs; among them, the Flying Corpse Ghost (similar to tuberculosis) is classified into the treatment of lung syndrome, and the proposed cholera is caused by diet, as well as the description of the prolonged areas of thirst (diabetes) and the relationship between carbuncle , all show a very high level of understanding; the discussion on the main treatment of acupuncture acupoints provides a standard for acupuncture treatment, the selection of Ashi acupoints and the promotion of "same body" are quite helpful for the accuracy of acupuncture acupoint selection. Therefore, "Qianjin Yaofang" has always been valued by later medical scientists.
"Tang Xin Materia Medica"
Tang Gaozong In the second year of Xianqing (657 AD), Emperor Gaozong of Tang ordered the prosecutor of the Central Secretariat to write "Tang Xin Materia Medica" with the doctor of the same name. The next year, Sun Simiao was summoned to Chang'an and lived in the old house of Princess Poyang. In the process of writing "New Materia Medica", he not only corrected Tao Hongjing "Materia Medica" and " doctors' records ", and added more than 100 herbs that he had practiced and effective. In 659, the "Tang Xin Materia Medica" was written with pictures and texts. It is the world's first national pharmacopoeia, with a total of 55 volumes and 844 drugs. Because Sun Simiao was successful in participating in the editorial process, Emperor Gaozong of Tang personally summoned him and granted him the position of counselor. Sun Simiao refused to accept the resignation, and Sun Simiao was willing to work at the Shang Pharmaceutical Bureau of the Palace.
Amber Saves Maternity
Sun Simiao was also the first to advocate that the treatment of women and children's diseases should be set up separately, and in his works, he first discussed women's and pediatric medicine, and stated that it is "the meaning of worshipping the root". Under his influence, several generations of medical workers generally attached great importance to the research and treatment technology of gynecological and pediatric diseases.
At that time, the story of Sun Simiao using amber to save the mother was circulated. One day, Sun Simiao went out to practice medicine and was walking on the road when he saw a funeral team coming towards him. He suddenly stepped forward and pressed the coffin and shouted, "Let's go! This man is not dead yet. He is about to die, and his blood will solidify. Look at the blood dripping under the coffin." Everyone saw that it was true. So Sun Simiao asked to open the coffin and see that the woman's face was as yellow as paper and she was pregnant. The husband cried and said that they had not had children for ten years and had finally been pregnant for only a few months. Unexpectedly, they suddenly became uneasy yesterday and had severe bleeding. Sun Simiao explored the woman's breath and pulse, first smoked her nostrils with safflower , and then rushed to take amber powder and add it. After a while, the woman woke up. Sun Simiao gave his family a medicine and a picture, and told him to drink this medicine and then follow the picture to deliver the baby, which finally ensured the safety of the mother and son.
Amber
Use onion as the catheter
According to legend, a patient suffering from urinary autism came to Sun Simiao's clinic and told him that his lower abdomen was swollen and bulging due to severe urination, which was very painful. Sun Simiao had no experience in treating this disease at that time, and there were no records in ancient medical books about treating this symptoms. Just when he was having no solution, he saw the child next door playing with a withered onion tube in front of the door. The dried onion tube bulged and swelled up as soon as he blew it. The child's playful behavior gave Sun Simiao an inspiration, so he found a thin green onion leaf, removed the tip of the green onion leaf, and gently inserted the hollow onion tube into the urethra more than three inches (about 9 cm). He gently blew the other end of the green onion leaf tube to expand the onion leaf tube, allowing the retention of urine from the bladder to be discharged through the onion leaf tube, relieving the patient's pain of urination retention.
Invented "Ashi Point"
It is said that when Sun Simiao was about 70 years old, a patient came to ask him to treat his illness due to unbearable pain in his left leg. He first prescribed a few doses of decoctions for the patient to take, but the patient did not relieve it after taking the medicine. So I switched to acupuncture and first used several painkiller acupoints to treat it, but it didn't work. Sun Simiao thought to himself: "Apart from these acupoints written in ancient books, is there nothing else in the human body?" After thinking about it, he decided to give it a bold try, select one part of the patient's leg, and gently press it with his thumb, asking, "Is it hurt?" The patient shook his head, then pinched and pressed the other part, but the patient still shook his head.
But when he pressed it to a part on the upper left of the knee joint, the patient suddenly said, "Ah...yes...this is here!" Sun Simiao took out the silver needle and gave it an injection to the pain. The patient's painful face stretched out and his legs no longer hurt. The patient said, "Doctor, after you have this injection, my whole body will be numb and it will not hurt. What acupoint is this?" Sun Simiao frowned and pondered. What should I call this acupoint that is not recorded in ancient medical books? Sun Simiao thought about the diagnosis and treatment process and suddenly became enlightened and said with a smile: "Didn't you just say... Ah... is it...? That's called 'Ah Shi Point'!" Sun Simiao proposed innovative acupuncture therapy, and he would acupuncture wherever he hurt. It was widely used by later medical scientists, calling it "the pain method."
Twenty-four first
Sun Simiao also wrote "Mingtang Acupuncture Picture", using acupuncture to assist in the use of drugs. Advocate the implementation of various methods and methods of comprehensive treatment of diseases in various disciplines, and its contribution to medicine can be summarized into the "twenty-four firsts".
- The first part of clinical medicine encyclopedia in Chinese history "Qianjin Fang"
- is the first person to fully discuss medical ethics;
- is the first person to advocate the establishment of gynecology and pediatrics;
- is the first person to engage in the integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine;
- is the first leprosy expert;
- is the first method of finger measurement and acupoint selection;
- is the first color of creation 》》
- is the first to promote beauty medicine to the people;
- is the first to create "Ashi Point";
- is the first to expand the strange point and select acupuncture and proven recipes;
- is the first to propose compound recipes for diseases;
- is the first to propose diversified medicine for external treatment of dental diseases;
- is the first to propose people who use herbs to feed cows and use milk to treat diseases;
- is the first to propose "acupuncture can be used, and acupuncture and medicine can be used" and prevention "health moxibustion method ”;
- first discussed drug transplantation, collection and collection;
- was the first to propose and test wild drugs to become a family;
- first created rehmannia preparation and croton removal method;
- first used placental powder to treat disease;
- first used animal liver to treat eye diseases, and now it is proven to be rich in vitamin A;
- first used beriberi and beriberi and The first to use bark to cook porridge to cook porridge to prevent the recurrence of beriberi and beriberi, a thousand years earlier than Europeans, and now it is proven to be rich in vitamin B;
- was the first to treat malaria with Kun (realia, etc.), a thousand years earlier than the British made of arsenic;
- was the first to propose the medical idea of "prevention is more important than treatment";
- was the first to use sheep (sweet thyroid) to treat goiter;
- was the first to go deep into the people and collect secret recipes from the masses and colleagues.
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