What happened to the Qin Empire (V) Qin Xianggong His person and affairs
Author‖Liang Chao
According to historical records: Qin Xianggong (?-766 BC), the surname Ying, Zhao family , Qin Zhuanggong Second son, was the first monarch who was officially enthroned as a prince by the dynasty of the Western Zhou Dynasty. He reigned in 778 BC-766 BC.
His father, Duke Zhuang of Qin, was the eldest son of Qin Zhong, when Qin Zhong died of illness on the battlefield while fighting against Rongdi. After Duke Zhuang of Qin ascended the throne on the spot, he vowed with his five brothers to avenge his father and continued to lead the Qin people to fight against Rongdi.
Their decision was also recognized by King Xuan of Zhou at that time, so he also supported his policies and appointed Duke Zhuang of Qin as the Xichui doctor, and allocated 5,000 troops to give them special responsibility for the conquest of Xirong . After receiving support from the imperial court, Duke Zhuang of Qin prepared his troops and regained the Quanqiu and other places that had been taken away by the Western Rong, and re-enlarged Qin's territory.
After that, Duke Zhuang of Qin fought with Xirong for a lifetime. In addition to winning and losing each other, the only ones left to his descendants was the title of Xike Doctor, as well as land in a radius of only hundreds of miles, including Quanqiu, Qinting , etc.
In 778 BC, Duke Zhuang of Qin died of hatred. He had two sons, one was the eldest son Shifu and the other was the second son Yingkai. His eldest son Shifu was extremely brave and was born a good player in leading troops to fight. However, his second son Yingkai was calm and restrained and not good at speaking.
This was simply a weak coward in the eyes of the old Qin people at that time, and weakness and cowards were definitely not favored in the eyes of the old Qin people who advocated blood and courage.
So before Duke Zhuang of Qin died, he decided to hand over the Qin State that had been in charge for decades to inherit the eldest son Shifu, and let him inherit the title of Xike Duke in order to continue to complete the cause of conquering the Western Rong.
But facing his father's choice, the extremely brave eldest son Shifu actually unexpectedly refused.
According to historical records, the eldest son Shifu knelt in front of his father and swore: Rong Di killed my eldest father Zhong, and I will not avenge this revenge. If I kill King Rong, I will never return to the city.
After saying this, he resolutely gave the title to his cowardly brother Yingkai, and then resolutely took his troops and horses to the forefront of Quanqiu to fight against the Western Rong.
In fact, the elder brother Shifu also knew that his younger brother Ying Kai had always been ambitious and would definitely achieve success in the future, so he gave up the position of crown prince to his younger brother Ying Kai one by one.
In 778 BC, Ying Kai succeeded to the throne, and was known in history as Duke Xiang of Qin.
When the elder brother's father gave the title to Duke Xiang of Qin, the brave old Qin people did not understand what he did and sighed deeply for his choice. However, just when the old Qin people had not figured it out, something that unexpectedly surprised and deeply shamed happened.
It is when Duke Xiang of Qin endured the hatred of his ancestors at the beginning of his succession, changed his strategy to fight against the Western Rong, and strongly advocated marriage.
wants to marry the girl from Qin to the Western Rong in order to reach a reconciliation with the Western Rong. At that time, this was definitely an unprecedented strange thing, so the Qin court opposed it, but Duke Xiang of Qin still opposed the public and insisted on implementing his plan.
At that time, the Western Zhou Dynasty was already in the Zhou Youwang . King Youwang of Zhou favored Baosi , which caused chaos in the dynasty, and the world was full of chaos. This change was the best time for Qin to develop and grow. "There is a way that God would not take, but it was blamed."
If Qin wants to develop, it must first stabilize the rear. What's more, the Qin people were weak at this time. After several generations of struggle, the Qin people were already exhausted. If they continue to fight with the Western Rong, with their current strength, they will definitely lead to the fate of the Qin people's destruction.
might as well appease the Western Rong first, and then take advantage of the opportunity for changes in the world to develop. It will not be too late to solve the Western Rong problem when you become stronger.
So, after a lot of choices, Duke Xiang of Qin finally married his sister Miao Ying to King Feng of Xirong, who had strong strength in the Western Rong at that time.
Just as the marriage was settled, that is, in 777 BC, the brave elder brother Shifu rashly launched an attack on the Xirong. In the end, not only did he fail to avenge him, he was wiped out and was defeated and captured.
The captured father was a shame for the Qin Dynasty. Seeing that the father was about to embark on the old path of Qin Zhong, the first son-in-law of the Qin Dynasty, the King of Xirong Feng, personally mediated and finally persuaded King Rong to release Qin's elder brother, to return. It should be said that he could still be released after being captured by Xirong. This is indeed the first time in the history of the Qin Dynasty.
After suffering such shame, the elder brother, Shifu, has been living in simplicity since then and never asks about political affairs again. Duke Xiang of Qin took advantage of this matter to continue to establish good relations with the Western Rong and temporarily stabilized the situation in the rear.
After the Xirong direction was stable, Qin Xianggong immediately determined the development strategy of Qin's steady and eastward, and immediately based on Longxi and eastward to Guanzhong . First, he occupied the "Qian" (referred to as "Qian"), which is known as the "Key of Guanzhong", which is now Long County, Shaanxi Province, and then he established his capital here, and then occupied Guanzhong.
In 776 BC, Duke Xiang of Qin randomly moved his capital to Weiyi (now Longxian, Shaanxi) and began a strategic development to gradually develop eastward and advance to the Central Plains.
In 771 BC, Quanrong invaded Haojing, and the Western Zhou Dynasty was thus destroyed. After receiving the news, Duke Xiang of Qin quickly sent troops to rescue him. After quelling the Quanrong Rebellion, he also took the initiative to send troops to escort King Ping of Zhou to move east to Luoyang .
Duke Xiang of Qin took this step very promptly and correctly. When King Ping of Zhou settled down, he immediately promoted Duke Xiang of Qin from a doctor to a duke and rewarded him with all the land west of Qishan.
At this point, the Qin Dynasty truly became a country recognized by Zhou, and Duke Xiang of Qin became the first monarch in the true sense of the Qin Dynasty.
At this point, Qin was promoted from a vassal to the principality and nominally obtained land west of Qishan.
From then on, Qin developed from a small country with a hundred miles into a big country with a thousand miles, and he also had the qualifications to go along with the Central Plains countries.
In 766 BC, Duke Xiang of Qin died on his way to attack the Western Rong and was buried in the western front of his hometown (now Dabaozi Mountain, Li County, Gansu Province, see the picture nine below). Later, his son Duke Wen of Qin succeeded to the throne.
Historically speaking, Qin Xianggong made great contributions to Qin's later development and growth in the early period of Emperor Qin, especially during the capital of Lixian , and laid the foundation for the Qin people to enter Guanzhong east. This move is comparable to Qin Mugong , Qin Xiaogong and Qin Huiwang, Qin Zhaowang and Qin Shihuang . This is a later story. (The next article is more exciting, to be continued.)
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