August 28, 1945, this was a special day. Chairman Mao led a delegation from Yan'an to Chongqing at the invitation of Chiang Kai-shek. After the plane arrived at , Chongqing Airport , Chairman Mao wore a hat on his head, took off his hat and thanked the person who greeted him. This scene became a classic.
Chairman Mao has no habit of wearing a hat. This time he went to to negotiate in Chongqing, why should he wear a hat? It turned out that this was specially arranged for him by Premier Zhou.
Chiang Kai-shek sent a telegram to Chairman Mao
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the people of the whole country hope that peace can be achieved in the country and no longer war. Since the late Qing Dynasty, China has experienced a hundred years of war and chaos, and the people have been displaced and hate war. After the war, "democracy" and "peace" became two major slogans. Chiang Kai-shek could not directly violate public opinion. Using this as a slogan, Chairman Mao was invited to Chongqing to discuss peace matters.
Of course, Chiang Kai-shek did not really want peace. He wanted to use this as a reason to implement his dictatorship. If Chairman Mao did not go to Chongqing, Chiang Kai-shek would use this as an excuse to say that the Communists led by Chairman Mao undermine peace. If Chairman Mao went to Chongqing, Chiang Kai-shek would put forward some unreasonable conditions to fight for his best interests.
In order to invite Chairman Mao to Chongqing for negotiations, Chiang Kai-shek sent three invitation messages, and Chairman Mao also replied three times to show respect. When Chairman Mao told everyone in Yan'an that he would go to Chongqing to negotiate with the National Government headed by Chiang Kai-shek, many people disagreed, for fear that Chiang Kai-shek would do anything badly, which would be detrimental to Chairman Mao.
After the Xi'an Incident, Chiang Kai-shek imprisoned two patriotic generals, Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng. Once Chairman Mao went deep into Chongqing, Chiang Kai-shek's hinterland, his security could not be guaranteed, and his personal freedom might be restricted like General Zhang Xueliang, which has to be guarded against.
Chairman Mao is based on the interests of the whole people and the whole party. For peace, he is determined to enter the tiger's den and decides to take a risk. Chairman Mao said: "For this form of coalition government, we still have to participate. Entering is to "wash Chiang Kai-shek's face, not "beheading".
In order to ensure the smooth work of the whole party and army, Chairman Mao has also made complete preparations. Before leaving, it is recommended that Liu Shaoqi take over his post temporarily and let Peng Zhen and Chen Yun serve as alternate secretaries. In this way, even if Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou are in the Chongqing negotiations, the Central Secretariat can still maintain five people's meeting.
8 On the 28th of the month, Chairman Mao flew to Chongqing and was warmly welcomed by the local people. This news shocked the people of the whole city. Chairman Mao’s ability to go to Chongqing in person is enough to show that our party sincerely hopes for peace. Democrat Liu Yazi praised Chairman Mao’s move as a “great courage”.
Why did Chairman Mao wear a Cock hat?
In the movie “Chongqing Negotiation”, Chairman Mao’s heroic posture in wearing a helmet-style sun hat left a deep impression on the audience. In August 1945, before Chairman Mao went to Chongqing in person, he did wear a Cock hat. What is the origin of this hat? Why do you need to wear it on the mat?
This sun hat is now an extremely precious historical relics. Its first owner was Lin Qiongxiu, a patriotic overseas Chinese. At first, he worked as a driver in the Guilin Office of the Eighth Route Army, responsible for the relevant work of picking up and dropping off the leaders. Later, Lin Qiongxiu was transferred to work in the New Fourth Army. Before leaving, he gave a hat brought from Nanyang to his colleague Guo Zheng.
In that era, a fashionable hat was a rare thing, and Guo Zheng was reluctant to wear it and kept it well. After Guo Zheng was transferred to the Chongqing Office of the Eighth Route Army, the hat was Put it in the storage room and it looks very new. In early 1945, Premier Zhou’s guard Long Feihu went to the storage room and saw this brand new and fashionable hat. He smiled and said to Guo Zheng: Why do you always keep it? Take it out and wear it.
Guo Zheng saw that Long Feihu liked this hat very much, and it was a waste to put it in the storage room. Considering that Long Feihu often followed Premier Zhou to attend various activities, he gave it to him. Long Feihu thanked Guo Zheng for the gift he gave. After returning, he felt that he could not wear it either, so he gave it to Premier Zhou.
After the end of the Anti-Japanese War, Chiang Kai-shek invited Chairman Mao to go to Chongqing for negotiations. For the image of a Communist, he needed to prepare a clean and atmospheric dress for Chairman Mao. Ye Jianying specially sent someone to " National District " to buy a piece of clothing. Chairman Mao was very suitable for wearing it, but he was just a hat.
After Premier Zhou learned the news, he thought of the fashionable Cock hat that Long Feihu had given him some time ago, so he took it out and asked Chairman Mao to wear it.
During the Revolutionary War, Chairman Mao was very casual about dressing. Before going to Chongqing, he looked at himself wearing brand new clothes and a pair of shiny black leather shoes. He was not very adaptable and felt that he had dressed up too much. Chairman Mao said to Premier Zhou: Am I too fashionable for me like this?
Premier Zhou looked up and down at Chairman Mao, thinking that this outfit was very suitable, but he lacked a hat. He took out the Cock hat and put it on Chairman Mao's head. Premier Zhou knew that Chairman Mao was very thrifty and opposed to face work. He explained on the side: Chairman held the Cock hat in his hand and waved it slightly, which showed that it was the power to turn the world around.
After listening to Premier Zhou’s explanation, Chairman Mao was very happy. This Cock hat had a very good meaning and praised Premier Zhou for his thoughtfulness. Chairman Mao said: waved the cork cap to show our strength. I've worn this hat.
Speaking of Cock hats, many celebrities have worn them, such as the famous French military strategist Napoleon , revolutionary pioneer Sun Yat-sen, etc. It is a men's hat in Western clothing, which was very popular in Europe back then.
When the people of Yan'an learned that Chairman Mao was going to Chongqing to run for peace, tens of thousands of people spontaneously came to see him off, and the cheers were deafening and resounding throughout Yan'an City. Chairman Mao stepped on the special train that came to pick him up with steady steps. When he reached the hatch door, he stopped, turned to the masses, took off his Cock hat, and waved his hand to the people.
After the plane landed in Chongqing, Chairman Mao walked to the hatch and cowed again to pay tribute to the people who came to greet him at the airport. Chairman Mao was born with a leader's style. His calm and contented expression deeply infected the people present. Even the American representatives on the side couldn't help but praise Chairman Mao for his fashionableness, which was simply Hollywood!
As the host, Chiang Kai-shek also warmly welcomed Chairman Mao and other representatives of our party. On the evening of the 28th, Chiang Kai-shek prepared a rich dinner and waited in advance with his wife, Soong Ching Ling . As soon as we met, Chairman Mao and Chiang Kai-shek shook hands friendly, greeted each other, and delivered speeches at the banquet. The atmosphere was very good.
During the meal, Chiang Kai-shek knew that Chairman Mao liked to eat chili peppers, so he specially prepared a plate of red peppers on his seat, which was a kind of respect for the Chairman. Similarly, after learning that Chiang Kai-shek did not smoke, Chairman Mao had never smoked in front of him during the entire Chongqing negotiations, which was also a kind of respect.
After the Chongqing negotiations were over, Chairman Mao returned the Cock hat to Premier Zhou, which has been collected by the Prime Minister since then. After Premier Zhou passed away, Cock's hat became a historical revolutionary artifact and is now on display in the Zhou Enlai Memorial Hall.
Conclusion
An ordinary cock hat is a precious piece of history. It witnessed an important moment in history and showed the world the leadership style of Chairman Mao.
A patriotic overseas Chinese gave Guo Zheng a hat, but he didn't expect that he could exert such great energy. Five people, Lin Qiongxiu, Guo Zheng, Long Feihu, Premier Zhou and Chairman Mao, have all wore it one after another. This is a coincidence in history and a manifestation of the unity, mutual assistance and revolutionary friendship of the Communists.
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