A generation of geniuses Genghis Khan led Mongolian to fight everywhere, and was a conqueror with a strong and overlordship.
However, such a great conqueror suddenly died in the capital of the Western Xia Kingdom that he conquered.
For thousands of years, the unsolved mystery that happened to him has whet the appetite of countless people. The most charming historical suspense is - How did Genghis Khan die?
To talk about today's topic, we must first talk about it from Genghis Khan, the Kingdom of Xixia and the Princess of Xixia...
Genghis Khan and the Princess of Xixia
01
Genghis Khan, the Kingdom of Xixia, the Princess of Xixia
Genghis Khan , that is, Yuan Taizu, is actually the name of an emperor, just like we call Qin Shihuang , his name is Temujin , Borjijin clan, Mongolian, is an outstanding politician, military strategist, and strategist in our country.
During the reign of Genghis Khan, he conquered Jin Dynasty , Xiliao and Xixia , unified northern China, and established Mongolian Empire . Later, he expeditioned westwardly to Central Asia and Europe and established a huge imperial system. When he ascended the throne in 1206, the kings and ministers gave him the title of Genghis Khan.
Genghis Khan was not the emperor of China. The one who unified China and established the Yuan Dynasty was his son Kublai , which is known as the Yuan Shizu .
Genghis Khan was very angry, so he insisted on personally expeditioning Xixia despite his 64-year-old age. So the issue we are going to discuss today happened.
Genghis Khan
Xixia Kingdom is a dynasty established in northwestern China by the Dangxiang people in China. It calls itself Nidingguo or Dabai Gaoguo . Because it is in the northwest, it is called Western Xia.
We are relatively less interested in Xixia. Maybe we are more interested in the Xixia characters he looks like Chinese characters, and he doesn't know carefully. The Xixia royal tombs that are like mounds remaining under Helan Mountain .
Western Xia Dynasty Early and liaudang , Northern Song , later in the process of standing alongside Jin Dynasty , and experienced 10 emperors and existed for 189 years.
The Western Xia Kingdom first had a good relationship with the Northern Song Dynasty, and later it was attached to the Jin and Liao dynasties. In 1206, Genghis Khan, who had long wanted to annex the Western Xia Dynasty, used the excuse of the Western Xia Dynasty to defeat the alliance and personally led the army to surrender to the Western Xia.
Xixia royal tomb site
The last Xixia princess was named Gulborough Jinguowuhatun. There is not much historical information about her. The history books just say that this princess is very beautiful. After Genghis Khan conquered the Western Xia Kingdom, his subordinates plundered him and sent him to the Khan's tent. Genghis Khan loved and loved him very much. He was a man in his sixties and hugged his beauty all day long and was happy.
However, this Xixia princess is a hero. Although she was wronged and wished Genghis Khan a happy mood, she kept looking for opportunities to take revenge in her heart.
Xixia Princess and Genghis Khan
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Speculations about the five ways of death of Genghis Khan
In 1226 AD, Genghis Khan personally led an army of 100,000 to attack Xixia.
In the first month of 1227 AD, the Mongolian army surrounded Zhongxing Prefecture, the capital of Xixia.
In June of the same year, Genghis Khan went to Liupanshan to escape the summer heat. A strong earthquake occurred in Zhongxing Prefecture, the capital of Xixia, with houses collapsing, plagues spreading, and food was cut off. The Xixia Kingdom had to surrender to Genghis Khan.
However, just after the surrender of Western Xia, Genghis Khan suddenly died in Liupanshan.
There are about five statements about the cause of Genghis Khan's death in later generations, and most of them are related to the Western Xia.
A generation of geniuses Genghis Khan
First, it was lightning strike
Roman envoy John Plano, who was sent to Mongolia, revealed in his article that Genghis Khan might have been killed by lightning.
There are indeed fierce lightning strikes and lightning on the grassland, causing many people to die, because of this reason Mongolian is afraid of lightning. But there is no direct evidence for this statement.
In fact, July to September of the modern Mongolian grasslands are the peak season for thunderstorms every year, and there are also records that bullheads and livestock are killed by lightning. In the era of Genghis Khan, they did not have basic knowledge of lightning protection. Although the probability of death by being hit by lightning is not high, it is not impossible.
thunder and lightning on the grassland during the thunderstorm season is also very terrifying
Second, it is said that falling horse
is recorded in " Yuan History ", which is the most orthodox among several statements and is known to most people.
1226 In the autumn of 1226, Genghis Khan took his wife to conquer the Western Xia Kingdom. In winter, he hunted in a place called Albuhe. He didn't expect that the red sand horse he rode was shocked by a wild horse, which caused Genghis Khan who was unprepared to fall off his horse and was injured, and had a high fever that night.
So, Genghis Khan's wife asked what to do. Some people suggested that the cities of Xixia are there anyway, and they will not be able to escape for a while, so they might as well go back to recuperate and attack after the injury is healed.
However, Genghis Khan was very strong and afraid of being laughed at by the Xixia people. In addition, a minister named Ashganbu in Xixia joked about him. After hearing this, Genghis Khan was even more reluctant to withdraw his troops. He endured the pain and advanced into Helan Mountain and destroyed Ashaganbu.
But since then, Genghis Khan's injuries have not been cured, but have become worse. By the 12th day of the lunar calendar in 1227, he finally died of illness.
But I feel that this statement is basically unproportionate. How could Genghis Khan, who had lived on horseback all his life, fall off the horseback? Even if his mount is frightened, he has enough ability and skills to control it, and it is estimated that the possibility of falling off the horse is not high.
How could Genghis Khan, who had been on the horse's back all his life, fall
Third, it is poisoning
This statement comes from "The Travels of Marco Polo".
Marco Polo was an Italian merchant in the 13th century. He arrived in China in 1275 and had 17 years of dating with the Yuan Dynasty.
is recorded in his travel notes and diaries. When Genghis Khan attacked Xixia, he unfortunately got poisonous arrows shot from Xixia soldiers in his knees. The result can be imagined. The poisonous arrows attacked the heart, and the injuries became worse and he could not get sick.
However, there is another saying among the people about poisoning, saying that Genghis Khan made the captured princess of Xixia poison to death while serving in bed.
If Genghis Khan was caught with a poisonous arrow, it is possible, but how could a woman with bare hands have the chance to bring the poison into Genghis Khan's military tent?
Xixia Princess
Fourth, it is said that
is related to the Xixia Princess captured above. It is said that this princess was sleeping. Genghis Khan said that he relaxed his guard and stabbed him to death.
The statement originated from The origin of Mongolia in the first year of Kangxi. Qianlong ordered people to translate it into two Manchu and Han texts and included them in the Siku Quanshu. It should be said that this statement is also highly credible.
However, I still feel that this is unlikely. Although Genghis Khan is an old man in his 60s, he is born with a strong man. It is estimated that a weak woman cannot kill him, and his guards cannot let the Princess of Xixia bring a sharp weapon with him.
The princess of Xixia actually has surveillance
5 It is said that
is neither seen in official history nor related records, but it is circulated among Outer Mongolians.
This romantic incident is also related to the princess of Xixia. It is said that although this princess surrendered to Genghis Khan on the surface, she did not forget the hatred of the country in her heart and was unwilling to be humiliated. On the night of the incident, Genghis Khan's penis was bitten off while he was in the room. A 67-year-old man can withstand such troubles. He is both ashamed and hated, and he is equally important.
Because this is an indescribable scandal that happened to the emperor, it was concealed. It was only said that , the great sweat was seriously ill due to falling off a horse. Although the statement of
is absurd, it still makes sense to carefully analyze it. If Genghis Khan really died at the hands of the Princess of Xixia, then assassination and poisoning are not qualified.
The princess of Xixia must be naked when she was sleeping. Where can she hide the weapons and poison? Even if there are weapons and poisons, as a captured person, you must search your body. In this case, the deadliest violent act of the Xixia princess, who was empty-handed, is naturally the key to biting off the man.
Conclusion
History can be tampered with, especially the history of the winner.
Genghis Khan's death is the last one that may be the closest to reality, but this way of death makes the Mongols who seized the Han regime the most unbearable. They would rather let a warrior riding a horse and shooting archery all their lives fall to death than to say that he was bitten by someone's wife and died of his life. That would be too harmful to the image of the great Genghis Khan.
History is speechless, we only make guesses and smile knowingly.
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