In 1644 AD, King of Chuang Li Zicheng led a large army of peasants to invade the palace of the Ming Dynasty. Emperor Ming Zhu Youjian sighed and ended his life on a crooked tree in Meishan. This person should have been The emperor of the Ming Dynasty, who has attracted much attention, was only one eunuch who was willing to accompany him before his death.
Chongzhen 's death also marked the official declaration of the Ming Dynasty that lasted for more than two hundred years. When it comes to the demise of Ming Dynasty , people always feel sorry for two people, one is Yuan Chonghuan, also One was Sun Chuanting. At that time, Yuan Chonghuan was mainly responsible for resisting the invasion of the Qing court, while Sun Chuanting was responsible for suppressing the uprising army in the Ming Dynasty.
Let's not talk about the story of Yuan Chonghuan. In the past few years before the demise of the Ming Dynasty, Sun Chuanting defeated Gao Yingxiang , Li Zicheng and others, and finally escaped into the mountains to save their lives. Then how did Li Zicheng's team grow and grow later? What about? This has to be said of the stupid thing Chongzhen did. He once imprisoned Sun Chuanting for three years.
Although Emperor Chongzhen still released Sun Chuanting, the fortune of the Ming Dynasty was over, and Sun Chuanting could do nothing and could only sacrifice his life for his country. It was half a year after Sun Chuanting's death that Li Zicheng invaded the Ming Palace. So the question is, why can't Sun Chuanting beat Li Zicheng?
Their own opinion of the demise of the Ming Dynasty
The Ming Dynasty was established from Zhu Yuanzhang and ended with Zhu Youjian. The country's destiny of more than 270 years is not short of other dynasties in history. During , there were more than magnificent nations coming to dynasties. , there were also troughs when the king hunted the north, but overall, the Ming Dynasty's contribution to Chinese culture was no less than that of any dynasty in history.
When the national trend was in decline in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty rulers and ministers did not fail to find ways to save it. For example, the reforms in the Wanli period greatly alleviated the contradictions within the Ming Dynasty. Unfortunately, these measures did not completely pull the Ming Dynasty. When it was right, the big business was already full of holes when it was passed on to Zhu Youjian.
Of course, there are many sayings that the Ming Dynasty did not perish at the hands of Emperor Chongzhen, but "really perished in Wanli" . This statement is too absolute, but it also makes sense. When Emperor Wanli ascended the throne, he was only ten years old. Under a series of reform measures of the chief minister, the Ming Dynasty showed signs of revival. Unfortunately, after Zhang Juzheng's death, his politics did not continue to be implemented.
After that, Emperor Wanli started a 28-year life without going to court, which led to many problems such as eunuchs interfering in politics and having many factions, especially the prevalence of corruption and negligence, which made the administration corrupt.
In addition, the three major levies in Wanli were huge. According to the "Records of the Ming Shenzong", the three major levies in consumed as much as 11.2 million taels, which caused the Ming Dynasty treasury to be deficient. In desperation, Emperor Wanli ordered the collection of mine. Tax caused complaints from the court and the people.
The annual expenditure of the nine-sided important towns also overwhelmed the Ming Dynasty's treasury. Later, it even reached the point where even the soldiers could not pay the money. There were no money to pay for for several months or the whole year. During the Chongzhen period, some of them were found. The regional salary has not been paid for two years. In this case, how could the Ming Dynasty not perish?
Sun Chuanting was imprisoned for three years
The late Ming Dynasty was corrupt, and rebellions often occurred among the people, such as the rebellion of the king Gao Yingxiang, Li Zicheng and others, In the ninth year of Chongzhen, Sun Chuanting served as the governor of Shanxi and participated in the extermination of the peasant army. The facts prove that Sun Chuanting was in the military aspect. He had a high talent and after he transformed from a literati to a military general, he successively quelled rebellions in Shaanxi, Henan and other places.
It is worth mentioning that when Sun Chuanting resolved the rebellion, the court did not allocate him a share of the salary, but relied on his own means to solve the problem of military salary. However, although Sun Chuanting is very talented, he does not understand the worldly ways. In the court, he not only clearly opposed the strategy of Yang Sichang 's four-point six-point , but also did not cooperate with Yang Sichang's planning and arrangements everywhere:
Yang Sichang joins as his main soldier. ...There are four straights and six corners, three steps and seven horses, and a total of 120,000 soldiers, and an additional dispatch of 2.8 million is expected to slap the thief in a hundred days. Chuanting the court moved the letter and argued, saying, "It's useless, and it's not just this. ... The thieves don't have to be completely destroyed, but they harm the country." He said thousands of words, and he was very disobedient.
Yang Sichang once issued a task to Sun Chuanting, recruiting 10,000 local soldiers, and the court would issue 230,000 taels of silver. Sun Chuanting ignored Yang Sichang's and raised money, grain, money, and recruited soldiers without reporting to the court to recruit soldiers. The personnel situation made Yang Sichang very dissatisfied with Sun Chuanting.
Later, Sun Chuanting and Hong Chengchou worked together to encircle and suppress the Shaanxi peasant army, causing Li Zicheng to lead 18 people to flee in a hurry and hide in the mountains and forests to avoid a disaster. In addition, Yang Sichang relied on the generals of Xiong Wencan . This person has average combat capabilities and has always advocated pacification and surrender of the peasant army, while Sun Chuanting has always advocated the killing of these bandits.
When Sun Chuanting cooperated with Xiong Wencan to encircle and suppress the peasant army in Henan, Xiong Wencan once wrote a letter asking Sun Chuanting to stop encirclement and suppress it and not to destroy his plan to surrender. But Sun Chuanting didn't care and continued to lead the troops until Yang Sichang wrote to him. He agreed to withdraw his troops, but Xiong Wencan's surrender was still declared a failure after that.
In the twelfth year of Chongzhen, Sun Chuanting had a dispute with Yang Sichang because he did not agree with the soldiers who were left behind in Ji Liao. Later, because he refused to adopt the suggestion, he entrusted him to beg for bones and asked to beg for bones. Yang Sichang had been dissatisfied with Sun Chuanting for a long time, so he accused him of pretending to be sick. Chongzhen believed it and imprisoned Sun Chuanting in prison, which took three years.
is powerless to turn the world back and die for his country
In the fifteenth year of Chongzhen, King Li Zicheng led his troops to siege Kaifeng . At this time, Xiong Wencan, Yang Sichang and others had already been defeated, and the Ming Dynasty court was facing an embarrassing situation of having no generals to be sent. At that time, the ministers in the court proposed to use Sun Chuanting, who was still locked in prison. So Emperor Chongzhen summoned Sun Chuanting in Wenhua Hall to inquire about his plans to retreat to the enemy and ordered him to go and lift the siege of Kaifeng.
After Sun Chuanting led his troops, he first executed the He Renlong , and then recruited soldiers and trained the new army. However, before Sun Chuanting was ready, Chongzhen began to urge him to go to Kaifeng quickly. Sun Chuanting explained that all the soldiers were Re-recruiting had no combat power, but Chongzhen refused to listen, and Sun Chuanting had no choice but to set off.
Results On the way to march, Sun Chuanting received news that Kaifeng had been broken. Later, the "Permaceutical Garden Battle" was defeated, and Sun Chuanting retreated to Tongguan . The battle of Persimmon Garden greatly damaged the vitality of the already weak Ming army. Sun Chuanting had no choice but to recruit men everywhere and raise military funds, which caused the public to be resentful, and some people in the court kept writing letters to impeach Sun Chuanting.
Chongzhen ignored the impeachment of the court officials. He also understood that the Ming Dynasty had no general except Sun Chuanting. However, Chongzhen had been urging Sun Chuanting to fight and quell the rebellion of Li Zicheng and others as soon as possible:
Next May, he was appointed to supervise Henan. , Sichuan Military Affairs, He was found to advance to the Minister of War and changed his name to the Supervisor... The battle became more and more urgent. Chuanting paused his feet and sighed, "What's the matter! I know that I will not return. But how can a real man treat the prison guards again?" After a while, he had no choice but to go out again.
Sun Chuanting had to choose to go to war again, but ended up losing to Li Zicheng in the Battle of Ruzhou . The last elite troops of the Ming Dynasty were eliminated since then. After Li Zicheng attacked Tongguan, Sun Chuanting also died in the battlefield at the age of 51. Later, his wife and daughter also fell into a well and died, while in history, the feeling of "The court died and the Ming Dynasty died" was left.
Conclusion
Sun Chuanting serves the Ming Dynasty, but still does not get Chongzhen's trust. In Chongzhen's view, it was Sun Chuanting who tortured all his elites. Therefore, Chongzhen was dissatisfied with Sun Chuanting, and even when the news of Sun Chuanting's death came , Chongzhen actually thought he was a fraudulent death and was unwilling to give him basic rewards and posthumous titles. If you have the lord like this, it is no wonder that the Ming Dynasty was destroyed.
(The picture is from the Internet, please delete if infringes)
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