When it comes to King Zhou of Shang , we will inevitably think of some words: foolishness, cruelty, singing day and night, ignoring the government, putting the people in dire straits.
When it comes to Daji , you will feel that this person is an image of a witch, confusing the harem and bewitching people.
As for why this happens, it is probably influenced by works such as "Fengshen Bang" and "Nezha". However, the real King Zhou of Shang and Daji are completely inconsistent with the image in everyone's mind.
This couple who have been misunderstood by the world for thousands of years, what kind of people are they?
History records:
They are huge and beautiful, their muscles are super strong, and their hands are fierce.
- " Historical Records "
can drag down nine cattle, lift beams and change columns. … I can tell the disease quickly, and I am very sensitive to hearing and seeing.
- "The Century of Kings"
Has this brave, mighty and quick-witted king greatly subverted your perception of King Zhou of Shang?
Zhou Dynasty The historians are all devoted to belittling King Zhou of Shang, so what kind of person is the real King Zhou of Shang?
,It is the name given by the Zhou Dynasty after subverting the and the Shang Dynasty . King Zhou's real name was Dixin , and his real name was Zishou.
According to the "Xia, Shang and Zhou Dating Project Chronology", Di Xin reigned from 1075 BC to 1046 BC, that is, he ascended the throne at the age of about 30, reigned for 30 years, and died at the age of 60.
During the reign of Di Xin's grandfather Wen Ding , the power of the Shang Dynasty reached its peak. During this period, Wen Ding imprisoned Zhou Hou Ji Li (the father of Ji Chang ), which buried a thunderbolt for his grandson, King Zhou Di Xin.
After Wen Ding's death, his son Diyi , Di Xin's father, succeeded him. During this period, facing the rise of the Dongyi tribe and the dilemma of fighting from east to west, Di Yi was forced to be gentle with the increasingly powerful Zhou people, and married the Shang Dynasty princess to Ji Chang. Of course, Di Yi's father was killed. Although Ji Chang's father was married, Ji Chang's hatred could not be eliminated.
During Emperor B's period, the Shang Dynasty attacked Dongyi with all its strength and defeated Yufang, Yifang, Renfang and other Dongyi tribes. Zibo) and other places.
After Di Xin succeeded to the throne, Selected talents eclectically, The warriors who walked quickly and bravely from the captives and escaped Fei Lian strong, strong19 Evil Comes Father and son are generals;Broken Su State , searched in Weishui , once suppressed the newly emerging Zhou State , imprisoned Zhou Wenwang Ji Chang .
After the Zhou people surrendered, Di Xin moved his troops eastward. After years of crusade against Dongyi, truly completed the comprehensive conquest of the Xuhuai tribe in the middle of Dongyi.
Di Xin also became the first emperor in Chinese history to conquer the Jianghuai region , expand the territory to Bohai and East China Sea .
is the further expansion of China's territory, while allowing the relatively advanced Central Plains culture to spread to Huaihe basin, promoting development and ethnic integration into this area.
Di Xin not only made a series of achievements in the military, but also made great achievements in the government.
Use Fei Zhong to govern politics, encourage mulberry farming, implement cattle farming and irrigation and drainage; eliminate dissidents within the royal family, weaken the power of the nobles, kill than dry , imprison jizi, chase away micro-children .
Therefore, with the expansion of the national territory, the comprehensive strength of the entire country has also been further improved.
So why was a country so powerful at the time suddenly subverted?
There are three reasons:
1. Conquering the Dongyi, the loss is serious
Yin Shang The alliance with the Dongyi tribe is a feud, and the war between the two sides is endless. Therefore, even if Yin Shang defeated Dong Yi later, it could only be said to be a tragic victory. The national treasury was empty and the military was severely depleted, which led to a great decline in domestic production and agriculture.
2. Sacrificial system, slave rebellion
In the Shang civilization, sacrifice and fortune-telling prevailed, witches and ghosts were in power, and theocratic power was strong. A large number of slaves were brutally killed, which also paved the way for the rebellion of the slave army later.
During the war against the Dong Yi, the Yin and Shang troops suffered great losses, so Di Xin could only hastily armed a large number of Yi prisoners of war into an army to fight against the Zhou army. However, these slaves, who suffered from the oppression of Yin and Shang, had long been rebellious. Therefore, the loyalty of these barbarian prisoners of war to the Shang Dynasty can be imagined. defeat. (Of course, this is also worthy of scrutiny)
3. The rise of the Zhou Kingdom, the change of the other
The Western Zhou Kingdom, with the efforts of King Wen Ji Chang and King Wu Ji Fa, has also achieved national strength. It continued to strengthen, annexing a large number of pro-business tribes, and a large number of tribes who had surrendered to the Shang also defected and stood on the side of Zhou. Yin Shang had just defeated Dongyi and needed a period of recuperation, but before he could catch his breath, Ji Fa would ally with various lords in Mengjin, gather divisions to attack Yin, and the two countries fought decisively in Muye.
The Battle of Makino The Shang Dynasty is over. Then Di Xin and his queen Su Daji set himself on fire at Lutai .
About the demise of the Shang Dynasty, in the final analysis, it was a problem of the social system of the Shang Dynasty.
With the development of history, the social system of the Shang Dynasty is no longer suitable for the needs of the new era, while the Zhou Dynasty has absorbed the advanced characters and bronzes of the Shang civilization. Under the leadership of Zhou Guojun, he vigorously supported reforms, made rituals and music, established rules and regulations, implemented well-fields, advocated " Mingde, careful punishment", and divided clansmen and heroes as princes with fifth-class titles , Armed Tutu Quartet. Therefore, it is historical inevitability that the Yin-Shang civilization was replaced by the feudal state's Zhou civilization.
After the demise of the Shang Dynasty, the people of the Zhou Dynasty exaggerated the emperor Di Xin and the empress Su Daji who died, and added many crimes. Or even further exaggerate and add to the emperor Xin himself.
Even her queen Su Daji is said to be the incarnation of the nine-tailed demon fox, who charms the king and harms Zhongliang.
In the Ming Dynasty novel " Fengshen Romance ", the image of Su Daji is even more evil and hateful.
There is also a story "Wine Pond and Meat Forest" to guide public opinion. After all, the destruction of the suzerain state (Zhou state is the vassal state of Yin and Shang) requires a moral commanding height, and it is the same as being famous.
Dixin's badness is worse than it is. Therefore, the gentleman's evil is in the lower ranks, and all the evil in the world will return.
- "The Analects of Confucius, Zizhang No. 19"
Zhou defeated Dongyi and died.
——"Zuo Zhuan: The Eleventh Year of Emperor Zhaogong"
Zhou weighs 100 grams and dies without success.
- "Zuo Zhuan: Xuangong Twelve Years"
Longshan culture is very famous! King Zhou of Shang was a man of great ability, King Wu of Zhou spoke badly of him. His captive policy didn't do well, so it failed later.
——In 1959, at the Jinan Symposium, Mao Zedong talked about King Zhou of Shang
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