In the dark years of reactionary rule, the Manchuria Provincial Committee and local party organizations of the Chinese Communist Party were repeatedly destroyed by the enemy. Thousands of Communists, Communist Youth League members, and patriots were trapped in the enemy’s black prison. The vast majority of comrades endured all kinds of cruel and inhuman torture, withstood the enemy's temptation and persuasion to surrender, and withstood severe tests. They treated the prison as a special battlefield and fought a desperate struggle against the enemy. From 1927 to 1937, the Manchuria Provincial Party Committee alone suffered five major damages. 8 Provincial Party Secretary and 11 Provincial Party Standing Committee members were arrested, and more than 2,800 Party members, patriots and revolutionary masses were arrested; Of the murderers, 624 were found by name. These arrested revolutionaries were successively detained in Fengtian No. 1 Prison, Shenyang Army Prison, Luda Japanese-Russian Prison, Fushun Prison, Andong (Dandong) Prison, Jilin No. 1, 2, 3, and 4 Prison, and Harbin Prison. Qiqihar Army Prison and Songhua School Prison established by Japanese imperialists in Harbin, secret prison in basement of Japanese consulate.
first Mukden prison
Shenyang Army prison
Jilin first prison
Jilin Second Prison
The secret contact point between the party organization in the prison and the special committee of Fengtian of the Communist Party of China (Fengtian Beiguan Bawangsi East Hutong Luan Fangyou-Old Luantouzhang shoes point)
The first destruction of the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and the struggle in prison
On the afternoon of December 23, 1928,The Manchurian Provincial Party Committee of the Communist Party of China held an enlarged meeting of the Manchurian Provincial Party Committee at the home of Niu Siyu, a member of the Manchurian Provincial Party Committee. The content of the meeting was to convey the spirit of the Sixth National Congress of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. The meeting was attended by Chen Weiren, Secretary of the Manchurian Provincial Party Committee, Wu Lishi, Minister of Organization, Tang Hongjing, Minister of Industrial Transport, and 14 people including Wang Heshou, Niu Siyu, Zhang Renguang, Li Meiwu, Liu Guodong, Pan Rende, Li Zhengquan, Zhang Delu, Wang Zansheng, Wang Huamin, and Li Rong.
Niu Siyu's home is in the slum area of Fengtian. In such a place, some people in leather robes, woolen coats and suits and shoes suddenly came, and almost at the same time they rushed into a dark and damp hut. , Naturally aroused the suspicion of the spy and reported it to the police.
Niu Siyu
The police suddenly broke in and asked sternly: "We check the account, who is the head of the household!"
owner Niu Siyu responded: "I am."
The police asked: " What do these people do?"
Niu Siyu said: "My family is very difficult, they ask to meet and help me."
While the police were not paying attention, Wu Lishi, the head of the organization of the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, who was conveying the spirit of the document, immediately rubbed the document. Rotten, threw it wisely into the child's commode, causing Niu Siyu to dump it.
After the interrogation, the police began to search. As the "Ten Outlines" and the articles of association drafted in the name of the "Mutual Auxiliary Society" were found that had not had time to be destroyed, coupled with the fact that these people were of different ages, dressed differently, and spoke from the South to the North, they even aroused the suspicion of the police. All personnel were taken away.
The time of arrest was 3 o’clock in the afternoon. When the police escorted these 14 comrades to Xiaodongmen, Minister of Labour and Transport Tang Hongjing thought that if anyone was arrested this time, the organization in the Northeast would be attacked. Serious destruction. In order to inform the comrades who have not yet been arrested to quickly transfer and change their contact addresses, he took advantage of the crowded streets, suddenly rushed out of the police surround, and fled to the crowded market. When the police saw someone running away, they clamored and chased him. Tang Hongjing was caught up by the police and was taken back. But when the police were chasing Tang Hongjing, Zhang Renguang took the opportunity to hide in the toilet by the roadside and escaped the police.
After Zhang Renguang escaped, he hurried to the home of Guan Biyun, the organ of the Provincial Communist Youth League,Let Zou Limeng promptly notify the comrades who have not been arrested to transfer immediately.
Zou Limeng
Thirteen arrested comrades were taken to Xiaodong Police Station. The police asked everyone to fill out a registration form. Before filling out the form, a policeman sternly said: "You have to fill in the form honestly. Fill in whatever you are doing. Otherwise, it will be your own unlucky ones to find out!"
Intimidation was carried out by means of intimidation, and some still filled in pseudonyms, and none of them filled in their true identity. In order to find out the true identities of the arrested persons, the authorities detained 13 people and interrogated them separately. Tang Hongjing, Wang Zansheng, and Pan Rende were detained to the Nanshi Gendarmerie; Liu Guodong was taken to the arsenal; others were taken to Fengtian Police Department.
Fengtian Police Agency
In Fengtian Police Agency, the authorities selected the youngest Wang Huamin. This choice also made the comrades who were with him squeeze in a cold sweat. Because Wang Huamin was only 18 years old, he was a new member of Wang Heshou's development in the arsenal, and his family life was relatively good. Once he can't stand the severe torture, not only will the life of the arrested comrades be unsafe, but the entire organization will also be completely destroyed.
Watching the guards take Wang Huamin away, the comrades together are thinking about the countermeasures in case they are identified...
For about two hours, Wang Huamin was dragged back by two guards. Wang Heshou and Li Meiwu immediately surrounded him to check his injuries. Wang Huamin looked at everyone’s worried expressions and said calmly: "Don’t worry, I can stand it!" Glue it to the clothes. Back in the prison, he couldn't even take off his shirt.
Interrogation time after time, torture is more severe than time, but the enemy's confidence is lost time and time again.
The authorities could not obtain evidence of their suspicion from the arrested comrades. After a month of interrogation, because the arrested comrades had the same caliber and the penalty did not work, the police station transferred the case to the Military Law Department.
arrived at the Military Law Department, we met in the pre-trial room,Through eye contact, I knew that everyone had survived, and a triumphant smile appeared on everyone's face. After verifying each person, the Military Law Department sent them to Fengtian No. 1 Prison.
Fengtian No. 1 Prison Execution Ground
Because this time the Manchurian Provincial Party Committee was destroyed, not many Communists were detained in all prisons, and no party organization was established. After these comrades were detained, In order to cover Comrade Chen Weiren, a leading group with Wu Lishi as the core was formed.
As the authorities did not obtain definitive evidence, after Wu Lishi’s father’s up and down "movement" and the rescue by the Manchuria Provincial Party Committee, all the comrades arrested this time were released on bail at the end of July 1929.
After they were released from prison, the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China has been appointed by Liu Shaoqi as the Secretary of the Manchuria Provincial Committee. For their safety, the organization sends them to other places to accept new tasks and meet new struggles.
The Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China strengthens the party building work _
After the Manchuria Provincial Committee was destroyed in December 1928, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China sent Liu Shaoyou and Cheng Jiru to inspect from Shanghai to Shenyang and participate in the work of the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. . In January 1929, the Central Committee appointed Liu Shaoyou as the Fourth Secretary of the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China.
Liu Shaoyou Liu Shaoyou Liu Shaoyou's provincial party committee led the broad masses of party members in the northeast region to carry out difficult pioneering work between Baishan and Blackwater, and successively restored party organizations in Fushun, Dalian, Yingkou, Tai'an and other places. As of April 1929, 32 party branches had been established in 19 regions in Northeast China, and the number of party members had grown to 254. On April 15, 1929, the Manchuria Provincial Party Committee received a letter from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to transfer Comrade Liu Shaoyou back to Shanghai. At this time, the Manchuria Provincial Party Committee was once again destroyed, and the number of party members in the Northeast region quickly dropped to more than 110.
Liu Shaoqi was appointed Secretary of the CPC Manchuria Provincial Committee
Liu Shaoqi
Facing the severe revolutionary situation in the Northeast,On June 4, 1929, the Party Central Committee appointed Liu Shaoqi as the fifth secretary of the CPC Manchuria Provincial Committee. After Liu Shaoqi became the secretary, in order to open up the work situation as soon as possible and strengthen party building, Liu Shaoqi adopted a series of effective measures to create a new situation in the work of the CPC Manchuria Provincial Committee.
Liu Shaoqi’s secret residence
To strengthen the leadership of the Communist Party of Manchuria in Manchuria Province in order to strengthen the leadership of the Communist Party of Manchuria in the Northeast Province _span4p p7p While the committee is building itself, it actively restores and rectifies the local party and league organizations. By the end of March 1930, the organization of the Manchuria Provincial Party Committee was as follows: The Provincial Party Committee was divided into three committees: the Propaganda Department, the Organization Department, and the Workers' Committee, the Military Committee, and the Ethnic Minority Committee. So far, the organization of the provincial party committee has become more and more complete. The local party organization has the Harbin Special Committee (the Fengtian Special Committee is concurrently served by the Provincial Party Committee) and 10 special branches in Dalian, Fushun, Goubangzi, Yanji, Tai'an, Yingkou, Tongliao, Changchun, Jilin, and Shenbei, a total of 30 branches and party members The total number is 206. Among them, the Harbin Special Committee has Tang Hongjing as the secretary, and Meng Jian in charge of the propaganda work. It has 7 branches and more than 50 party members under its jurisdiction. The Fengtian Special Committee has 9 branches and 58 party members in total. The two industrial branches of the arsenal and the Goubangzi have developed well. The party’s organizational status has been significantly improved, and the number and quality of party members have also been significantly improved.
_ Adjust the deployment of cadres to accumulate revolutionary power _
Liu Shaoqi continued to develop and strengthen the party organization during the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, and paid attention to the training and training of party members and cadres, which is a goal for the Northeast after the September 18th Incident. In the anti-Japanese struggle, prerequisites were prepared for cadres, the masses, base areas, and armed forces, and they accumulated viable forces. The famous anti-Japanese heroes Yang Jingyu and Zhao Shangzhi of Huayu both received the key training and personal guidance of Liu Shaoqi, and played an important role in laying the foundation for the outstanding generals of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Federation.
Yang Jingyu in his youth Yang Jingyu,Formerly known as Ma Shangde, he once used the name Zhang Guanyi. Joined the party in 1927. Served as Secretary of the Fushun Special Branch of the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, Secretary of the Harbin Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China, acting as Secretary of the Military Committee of the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, and commander-in-chief and political commissar of the First Route Army of the Anti-Union League. He died on February 23, 1940, at the age of 35.
"Profile of Fushun Workers' Federation"
Yang Jingyu was the secret contact point of Fuchun branch secretary Yang Jingyu
4 4 Sent to work in the Northeast by the Party Central Committee. During this period, he often visited Fushun, Benxi and other places on behalf of the provincial party committee. In order to strengthen the leadership of Fushun, Liu Shaoqi sent Yang Jingyu to Fushun as the special branch secretary after he became the secretary of the Manchuria Provincial Party Committee.
Zhao Shangzhi in his youth
Zhao Shangzhi, joined the party in 1925. Served as Secretary of the Military Committee of the Manchuria Provincial Party Committee of the Communist Party of China, captain of the Zhuhe anti-Japanese guerrilla, commander of the Anti-Japanese Army, and deputy commander-in-chief of the Second Route Army of the Anti-Japanese Army. He died on February 12, 1942, at the age of 34.
Erdaogou Post Office where Zhao Shangzhi organized many revolutionary activities
At the end of 1929, Liu Shaoqi sent Zhao Shangzhi to the central cadre training class for training. After studying, Zhao Shangzhi returned to Fengtian to do the work of the CCP's Manchuria Provincial Party Committee. He carried out revolutionary activities among progressive youths and patriots. Under the leadership of the Provincial Party Committee, he organized a training class for Youth League cadres to train grassroots cadres.
_ recruited members of the Korean Communist Party and laid the foundation stone of the Northeast Anti-Japanese WarThe Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China conscientiously implemented the instructions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on absorbing members of the Korean Communist Party into the Chinese Communist Party. Both Liu Shaoqi, the fifth secretary of the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, and Chen Tanqiu, the eighth secretary of the Manchuria Provincial Committee, included the work of recruiting Korean party members into the important agenda of the provincial party committee.
Liu Shaoqi organized the provincial party committee to discuss and approve the 6 principles of "Relationship with the Korean Party." In order to properly handle the relationship with the Korean Communist Party, the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China emphasized in the August and September 1929 work plan: "In the peasant movement, special attention should be paid to establishing a relationship with the Korean Party."
"Report of the Manchuria General Administration of the Communist Party of Korea-General Situation of Koreans in Manchuria and Views on the Proposals of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China" (January 30, 1930)
In 1930, the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China According to the instructions of the Communist International and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China recruited a large number of former Korean Communists and progressive Korean peasants into the party in East Manchuria, Southern Manchuria and Northern Manchuria, respectively, and achieved fruitful progress. A total of 430 former Korean Communists were recruited. It laid an important foundation for the anti-Japanese guerrilla war in Northeast rural areas under the leadership of the party. A large number of Korean party members bravely stood at the forefront of the Northeast Anti-Japanese War and made significant contributions to the development of the Northeast Anti-Japanese War.
"Struggle"
In the work of recruiting Korean party members into the CCP organization, in order to ensure the ideological and organizational purity of party members and improve the party's combat effectiveness, the eighth CCP Manchuria Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee Chen Tanqiu presided over the compilation and printing of the Provincial Party Committee’s publication "Struggle."
gold root
Li Minhuan
Xu Hengzhi
Li Hongguang
During this period, the anti-Japanese armed forces directly led by the party in the northeast region,Especially in East Manchuria and South Manchuria, Korean party members and the masses account for the vast majority. Later, in the Second Army of the People's Revolutionary Army, which was developed on the basis of the East Manchu guerrillas, 60% of the military cadres above the company platoon, 70% of the political cadres, and 40%-50% of the soldiers were Korean. A large number of Korean fighters and Han fighters fought bravely together, which effectively promoted the victorious development of the Northeast Anti-Japanese War and made an indelible contribution to the history of the Northeast Anti-Japanese War. Korean anti-Japanese generals, such as Li Hongguang, Li Minhuan, Li Chenglin, Li Fulin, Xu Hyung-sik, Kim Keun, Sun Zhen, Han Hao, and Kim Jong-kuk all joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1930.
to absorb Korean communists to join the Chinese Communist Party to accumulate power for the Northeast Anti-Japanese
With the large numbers of former Korean Communists and the progressive masses of Koreans joining in, the number of CCP members in Northeast China has surged, and the party organization has rapidly increased The development and growth greatly strengthened the revolutionary forces in the Northeast. After the September 18th Incident, it laid the organizational foundation for the Northeast Party’s focus of work shifted from urban to rural areas. It also prepared the prerequisites for cadres, masses, base areas, and armed forces for the 14-year anti-Japanese struggle in the Northeast in the future. (To be continued)
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