Battle of Pingjin, Xintou Campaign , Zaoyi Battle have been defeated one after another, and China's anti -Japanese mood was significantly low. Under the guidance of
, under the guidance of the Japanese army's "burning light, killing light, grab light" policy, they gradually eaten the guerrilla area and anti -Japanese base area to form a so -called "prison cage", trying to destroy the base and anti -Japanese forces.
In August 1940, Marshal Peng Dehuai led the Red Army to take the initiative to start a vigorous Hundred Regiment . The "one snow" goal was completed on this yellow -brown land, and "from the division to the group , From the regiment to the company, thousands of miles, you pick up the railway, I blew the bridge, you attack the station, and I take the mine ".
, afterwards, someone was attentive and asked questions: the launch of a hundred war that consumed the huge manpower and material resources, it seemed that it did not be officially instructed by the Central Military Commission, or the front line commander carried the central government and launched a break without authorization. Is this really the case?
(1) The urgency of the war
in 1940, Germany fascist swept the European battlefield, Britain and the United States were deeply trapped, and they were restrained. As a result, the Japanese army was even more arrogant and eager to realize the idea of "East Asian Communist Party."
is politically hard and hard, and adopts a policy of lure. Zaoyi Fighting General Zhang Zizhong's 16 shots were sacrificed. Chiang Kai -shek cried in the coffin, which also caused the entire National Tong District to diffuse compromise and pessimistic clouds.
After nine years of hard fighting war, the Anti -Japanese War fell into the most difficult strategic stage. In contrast, the North China Anti -Japanese Base led by the Communist Party was also surrounded by the Japanese army.
plans to formulate the cage plan for them. It is promoted to use railways as columns, highways as chains, and strongholds with locks. The situation is very severe.
was worried after listening to the work of Zuoquan's report, and Peng Dehuai was worried.
is implemented by the Japanese army's cage policy with the Japanese army's cage policy, and the number of strongholds has increased sharply, which has repeatedly changed the route of the Eighth Route Army.
has only two counties in the complete base area. Relying on the occupied railway and highway lines, the Japanese army builds more artillery buildings and bunkers, so that the survival space of the Eighth Route Army who is good at guerrillas has been challenged by unprecedented challenges.
also believes that after so many defeats in a short period of time, Anti -Japanese National United Front is unstable. If there is no great significance victory, the consequences are unimaginable. Therefore, whether in military or politically, senior leaders and lower -level officials agree that the Eighth Route Army urgently needs a fairly influential action behind the enemy.
Peng Dehuai has only one sentence to break through the prison cage. Although
knows a lot of people who know Marshal Peng Dehuai, they know that his temper is not good, stubborn and stubborn, but he is definitely not a reckless generation, otherwise the chairman will not give "who dares to stand up, General Peng Great" ’s Extremely high evaluation.
he looked at the huge map on the wall. The range of activities of the Eighth Route Army was only a few small range. he proposed the basic idea of "Hundred Regiments" : more strikes, blossoming, and hitting the cage. Bad.
, but Zuo Quan immediately stopped his impulsive thoughts, thinking that this embarrassing play is undoubtedly exposed his entire strength to the enemy. On the card, who often shows the card first, it will first fall into passive.
, how could Peng Daihui's don't know this? He was just anxious, rushing to the prisoner's policy, like a twisted cable, the tighter on his body until he suffocated and died. The only way to
is to inspire people's hearts through a greater movement and prove that the Chinese have not given up.
(II) Reasonable
HTML on January 22, Zhu, Peng, and Zuo Quan issued the "Campaign Reserve Order".
should pay attention to a detail here. The "Battle Preparatory Order" has become a "order" under the discussion of everyone. The command of does not need to be formally approved by the Central Military Commission. is just "copying" for Military Commission . The superior leadership agencies are archived after reading, and the deployment and organizational campaign can be arranged by the front line commander.
So whether it is the Military Commission or Chairman Mao, it is reasonable to not be approved for the "Campaign Action Order" and also in line with procedures.
stipulates that the military power of no less than 22 regiments must be won by the Zhengtai Railway. is one of the important strategic transport lines on the North China traffic line. On August 8th,
HTML, Zhu De, Peng Dehuai, and Zuo Quan issued the "Campaign Action Order" and deployed the road section that other military regions and divisions needed to break. In fact,actually sent these two files to Nie Rongzhen, He Long, Liu Bocheng, Deng Xiaoping, and other leaders. and accurately came to each person to lead the team's tasks. then reported to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Central Military Commission, and was formally affirmed. Chairman was naturally clear about the matter.
He and Marshal Peng Dehuai are all from Xiangtan, Hunan. As a fellow for many years, how many times they have died, so that the two have accumulated enough tacit understanding. You must do it if you say it, let this war start! Some people in
determined that the plans of the Hundred Regiments Wars did not get positive instructions at the Central Military Commission, but in fact it really contained the chairman's great wisdom and good intentions.
In May 1938, Chairman Mao wrote the article " Anti -Japanese Guerrilla War on the Anti -Japanese Guerris War" based on his many years of guerrilla warfare experience. Wait, it is also harmful. Because of these specific matters, it must be done according to different situations such as changes anytime anywhere, and these specific situations are far away from superior agencies. Principles. The decentralization principle can provide the frontline commander with a more flexible and changeable policy to cope with the changing battlefield. If
wants to let the superior agencies passing by at a distance understand, it is obviously impossible. It is also harmful to interfere with the specific matters of the subordinates, but it is like helping. Chairman
knows this, so as early as two years ago, he had written the theoretical basis. For all military orders from the front line commander, since he chose to put the military power to them, it is necessary to believe their decisions unconditionally.
(3) The correctness of the war
theory guidance practice. When the decision -making of the Bai Guan war, Marshal Nie Rongzhen once said: "This guerrilla war that broke Zhengtai Road or Pinghan Road, can be countless. It is our daily work, so it will not involve any strategic issues, and for this combat plan, we have reported it to the Central Military Commission, and they have not opposed it. After changing the small -scale guerrilla warfare on the anti -Japanese battlefield, it was replaced by many military regiments to fight together in a vast area, but this decision was undoubtedly correct and great. has achieved at least one arrow and three sculptures.
First, broke the attempt of the Japanese army to trap the Eighth Route Army. Although
is also suffering from heavy casualties, the Eighth Route Army has made a living in life and gave more room for the survival of the anti -Japanese armed forces.
Second, the Eighth Route Army did not hesitate to manpower and material resources. It lasted for 117 days, and 105 groups paid a heavy price to curb the dangerous compromise and surrender policy. The Japanese army was both soft and hard to Chiang Kai -shek, and the National Party was swaying, which was extremely detrimental to the entire anti -Japanese nation's united front.In the
group of the Hundred Regiments, Eighth Route Army's heroic war on the Eighth Route Army inspired the national military and civilians' enthusiasm for the anti -Japanese war. must let the suffering Chinese people see hope.
, especially for Chiang Kai -shek, he would have to carefully consider the pros and cons of surrender, as well as the consequences of anti -communities after surrender.
If the people across the country have a high resistance to Japan, they have repeatedly insisted on accepting the "sugar -coated shells" of the Japanese army. Seeing.
Moreover, although has also suffered heavy losses for the Eighth Route Army, the team has developed greatly.
As early as June 7, 1940, the number of Eighth Route Army had reached 500,000. During the Hundred Regiments, there were 170 troops. Although
issued an order, only 22 regiments were dispatched to participate in the Zhengtai battle. However, on August 22, when the Battle Division of the Eighth Route Army headquarters was sorted out for the first time, it was found that the troops participating in the war had exceeded the expectations, reaching 105, reaching 105 Groups.
is more of the results of all the soldiers of the Eighth Route Army in North China. is not expected by Peng Dehuai. After learning the news, he improvised a great term: Hundred Regiments.
on December 2, 1940, after the Battle of the Hundred Regiments, Peng Dehuai, Zhu De and others published "Regarding the Correspondence of the Terring of the Hundred Regiments after the Corporation of the Corps".
is required to replenish the deficiencies of the participating troops to reach 2,500 people, which is a state of full person. This goal has been achieved in a short time later. The rapid expansion of the number of
Eighth Route Army also proves that the spiritual inspiration of the Hundred Regiments War to the Chinese people is very great. For example, Wang Dushun, an old militia in Yangquan, Shanxi, said: "Our people have been enough for traitors and Little Japan. I was angry. I heard that the Eighth Route Army was fighting the Japanese. We all picked up the weapons and followed them.
On September 10, 1940, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made instructions that it is a good thing for Hundred Regiments to extend the combat time because of a good fighter. The Eighth Route Army can fully control the situation of the battlefield, so North China should expand the results of the war.
is also a precedent for in Shandong and Huazhong. "can organize several large -scale against enemy offensive operations several times."
HTML On September 16th, Peng Dehuai, Zhu De and others jointly issued the second phase of the Battle of the Battle of the Battle of the World War II. On the night of September 20, the battle in the second phase of the Big Battle of the Guan Dynasty officially started.
was to celebrate the stage victory of the Hundred Regiments. Wang Jiaxiang, then the vice chairman of the Central Military Commission, also delivered a speech to celebrate the victory of the Hundred Regiments at the rally. Chairman Mao also attended the scene.
December 22, the Central Military Commission called Peng Dehuai in Yan'an. For the end of the end of the Hundred Regiments, do not easily announce it. The influence of the battle can also be used to limit Chiang Kai -shek with anti -communist ideas. The momentum is opposed to him. "
(4) Why is the
Hundred Timothing Battle in the Eighth Route Army in North China. has been well received across the country and even the world, but there are always a few people's ideas with most people.
questioned the Battle of the Hundred Regiments. was essentially a subjective judgment of no evidence, and it was their emotional criticism.
they only considered the crazy revenge of the Japanese army after the Hundred Regiments' war. This is indeed worse for the survival dilemma of the Eighth Route Army of the North China.
We must not deny that Hundred Regiments have the same disadvantages as all wars.After all, is not as good as the sky. The changes in the battlefield are not artificially conceived. Some errors or mistakes appear, which is inevitable.
but compared with the contribution of the Bai Guan, it can be ignored. The most correct method of
is to summarize experience lessons, rather than drilling horns. Therefore, in the process of , in the process of the hundreds of groups of war, Peng Dehuai and combat forces at all levels will continue to discuss and adjust.
For the Eighth Route Army who is used to guerrilla warfare, this large -scale offense is indeed different from the past, but the correct way of the War of Resistance Against Japan not only guerrilla warfare, but the changes and changes in the battlefield. Therefore It is a "error".
at that time Chairman Mao and Peng Dehuai exchanged opinions. Chairman Mao first opened the door to see: "Let's set the next gentleman agreement: first, through the words. It must not affect the work. I will give you a review first, causing such consequences. I have no responsibility in my villagers. I did n’t have to ventilate you in advance. I did n’t explain to you afterwards ... "
is now looking back, even if the history at that time, even at that time Re -acting, we have no other choices. Even if
may bring serious losses, it can only launch a large -scale attack similar to the Bailuan War regardless of everything.
Therefore, the Bai Guan battle is a battle that must be played.
