Now the author is going to introduce a person in world history who has never had an identity change before, but has come later. His identity change is from a president, the head of state in a republican system, to an emperor, the head of state in a monarchy system. Such an identity change has not happened in the years before him. Thousands of years of world history have never happened before.
This person is North America country President of the Republic of Haiti Faustin Suluc , who became the emperor of the Second Empire of Haiti, called Faustin I.
Faustin Suluk, Faustin I
It should be noted that the author is talking about the real change from the status of president to the status of emperor. Faustin I was the first in the history of the world. There were many identity changes before him. Similar, but not this case, for example:
First French Republic Consul Napoleon Bonaparte , from consul to emperor of the First French Empire, called Napoleon I;
Jacques Desa, Governor-General of the Republic of Haiti Lin, from the governor to the first emperor of Haiti , was called Jacques I;
President of the Republic of Albania Ahmed Sogu, from the president to the king of the Kingdom of Albania, called Sogu I.
There are other similar situations in world history, so I won’t introduce them one by one. In short, the first president in world history to become an emperor was Faustin I.
Faustin I was born in 1782 AD to a black slave family in Little Guava, a city in western Haiti. When he was born, Haiti was still a French colony and was called French Saint-Domingue . In 1791 AD Toussaint ·Louverture led the black slaves to launch the Haitian Independence War. In 1793 AD, he was released as a free black man by the white slave owners. He immediately joined the revolutionary army and made certain contributions to Haitian independence.
In 1804 AD, Haiti won a great victory in the War of Independence and established the Republic of Haiti. In the following decades, he held important positions in the army. During the division of the north and south of Haiti, he served in the southern republic and fought against the northern kingdom, establishing the A lot of credit, more power in the military.
In 1847 AD, the sixth president of Haiti, Baptiste Riche, died in office due to illness. At that time, the factional struggle within the government was fierce. This was one of the reasons for the political instability in Haiti since its independence. Faustin I succeeded Defeated his competitors and was elected as the seventh president.
Faustin Suluc, President of the Republic of Haiti
Although Faustin I was illiterate, he was very skilled in using power. After he came to power, he established a secret service, executed all political opponents who opposed him, and monitored Haitians everywhere. It was discovered that he Those who spoke ill of or had objections were arrested and tortured, creating an atmosphere of terror in Haiti. In addition, Faustin I himself banned the spread of Christianity in Haiti and forced Haitians to believe in Voodoo, which was introduced from Africa. This ancient religion is extremely ghostly and remains the state religion of Haiti to this day.
In 1849 AD, after Faustin I served as president for two years, he followed the example of Jacques I, the founding hero of the country, abolished the republican system, restored the monarchy system, ascended the throne and proclaimed himself emperor, established the Suluc dynasty to rule Haiti, and was known in history as the Second Empire of Haiti. , his coronation ceremony was extremely luxurious, even more luxurious than that of French Emperor Napoleon I. However, a country like Haiti simply did not have such a strong national power to support his coronation ceremony, and as a result, the national treasury was emptied.
The coronation ceremony was extremely luxurious.
During the reign of Faustin I, there were two major events: sending troops to invade neighboring Dominica in an attempt to complete the unified recovery of Haiti island . However, they were defeated twice, which further affected Haiti's national power. It signed an agreement with the United States, and the United States assisted Haiti to a certain extent, but Haiti gave up its national mineral resources to the United States for exploitation, causing Haiti to gradually become a vassal of the United States.
What Faustin I did completely angered the Haitians. In 1859, riots broke out across the country against him. Even his army turned against him, led by Army General Fabre Gevral. , after the royal army that obeyed him was defeated, he was helpless and quickly fled Haiti with the royal family and a large amount of wealth, and fled to Jamaica, which was a British colony at the time. lived in exile, Fabre Gevral He immediately abolished the monarchy, restored the republican system, and served as the eighth president.
After Faustin I lived in exile in Jamaica for several years, he asked the Haitian government to allow him to return to his motherland and donated his wealth to Haiti for free. Finally, the Haitian government agreed to his request, and he returned to Haiti in 1864. , until his death in the capital, Port-au-Prince, in 1867 at the age of 85.
Emperor Faustin I of the Second Empire of Haiti
Regarding the family life of Faustin I, he only had one wife and queen, Andrina, but they only had one daughter. He had a younger brother, Prince Joseph, who had eleven Children, that is, he has eleven nieces and nephews.
Faustin Suluc, he was the first person in world history to change from president to emperor, from President of the Republic of Haiti to Faustin I, Emperor of the Second Empire of Haiti. In the subsequent history of the world, a total of three people imitated him. That way:
There was a person during his time as emperor, that is, Napoleon Louis Bonaparte of France. In 1852 AD, he changed from President of the Second French Republic to Second French Empire Emperor Napoleon III , to AD Ended in 1870.
Later, there was one in China, namely Yuan Shikai . In 1915 AD, he became the emperor of the Chinese Empire from the president of the Republic of China. Because of the reign name Hongxian , he could be called Emperor Hongxian. It ended in 1916 AD.
The last African country Central Africa has one, that is, Bedel Bokassa. In 1976 AD, he became the President of the Central African Republic and became the Central African Empire Emperor Bokassa I until the end of 1979 AD.
As world history continues to develop, the monarchy system has gradually drifted away. Perhaps in the future world history, there will never be a fifth person who becomes an emperor from a president.
Four people who became emperors from presidents
