How to read a book well? The secret of the founder of "Fan Deng Dushu" is...

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Faced with a large number of books and information, how to choose books that are worth reading, how to read books efficiently, and extract the information you need from them It has become a problem we have to think about.

When it comes to scientific interpretation books, there is such an expert, Fan Deng, the founder of "Fan Deng Shu". Today, let’s take a look at Fan Deng’s scientific methodology for content interpretation.

21 Book

Source丨The content of this article is a comprehensive selection from "Reading a Book: The Fan Deng Reading Method"

Editor Axiang; Intern Sichun

Picture source丨《 Reading a book: The Fan Deng Reading Method, online

Each book has its own mission, and the process of reading is to figure out a book artificially What problem is solved, grasp the context and focus of a book.

题记

Have you ever encountered this kind of confusion:

Faced with the dazzling collection of books in the bookstore, don’t know which one to buy?

Book list recommendations are endless, feel like I can't finish reading?

I subscribed to some knowledge platforms, but in the end I can’t stick to it and spend money for nothing?

has absorbed a large amount of content, can not form your own thinking system, waste time?

As long as you speak, your IQ will be exposed, unorganized, unclear, and confusing logic?

Faced with a large number of books and information, how to choose books that are worth reading, how to read books efficiently, and extract the information we need from them have become problems we have to think about.

refers to scientific interpretation books, and there is such an expert, Dr. Fan Deng, the founder of "Fan Deng Dushu".

(Picture: Fan Deng)

"Fan Deng Dushu" since its establishment in 2013, has 20 million members, and the cumulative number of people affected exceeds 300 million. Fan Deng has interpreted nearly 200 books and published works related to reading.

In "Understanding a Book: Fan Deng's Reading Method", Fan Deng taught readers his scientific methodology for content interpretation from the perspective of reading books.

1. How to choose valuable books?

Book and knowledge emphasize value. What kind of book is valuable? Based on what criteria to choose which book to read?

1 Scientificity is the first criterion for book selection

Books that meet scientific standards are not fabricated out of thin air, not simply generalized. They must have undergone a scientific verification process. But first, understand that there is no absolute science.

From today's point of view, what is scientific? What can be falsified is scientific. According to whether it can be falsified, it can be basically judged that a theoretical symbol does not conform to science.

For example, Einstein announced the general theory of relativity. He believed that all light will be distorted when passing through massive planets. This is a very remarkable prediction.

These words Einstein said can be proved wrong. If the prophecy he made is not fulfilled, he will overthrow himself immediately. This is called falsification.

(Picture: the difference between truth and post-truth)

As for unfalsification, when a person detects a thing that is not as good as he expected, he will give various Explain that he will not admit that the matter itself may be untenable.

For example, someone has done such an experiment and took a neutral text description to some people. After these people read it, the experimenter asked, does this text say like them? Everyone feels so alike, it’s justIt's own profile. This is purely a psychological acceptance process, not a science.

When selecting a book, we should pay attention to whether this book or the author of this book is making efforts in a scientific direction.

2 A constructive good book is worth reading

In addition to scientificity, an important point of judging a book is whether the book is constructive.

The criterion for this review is: After reading a book, what kind of insight and inspiration will you have.

For example, the typical feature of the book "Seven Habits of Highly Effective People" is that it is summarized by wise people and is worth learning.

Another example is Hinohara Shigeaki's "Live Well". As a centenarian, the author is not a scientist. He does not need to establish a school or a theoretical system. He just shares his life experience with readers, so that readers can feel and gain something.

A constructive book must be trying to help you explore a good path from painful, complex, and difficult to solve social problems, so that you can see hope and see the direction of the solution.

is a constructive book that meets one of the following three points.

01 Can bring new meaning to our lives

02 Give us strong motivation

03 Bring changes to life

In summary, science Sexuality and constructiveness are the basic logic that should be paid attention to when selecting books. So, how do you choose when buying books, so that you can buy valuable books?

Second, the secret of buying books

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The first is to look at the publishing organization.

A good publishing agency is responsible for its own brand, so when publishing a book, it will carefully select the content, and it will first check it for you. There are so many books published in the world, it must be carefully selected

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The second is to look at the author's background.

Fan Deng suggests that you choose some books with academic background. For example, "Deliberate Practice" is a book written by a typical professor. The book introduces the author's many years of research, including many experiments and data.

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The third is to see the recommender.

The recommenders are also mixed, and you must carefully distinguish

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The fourth is to look at the recommendation list in the book.

When you see the author mentioning other books in a good book, the probability of being mentioned is a good book.

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The fifth is the bibliography after reading.

can look for books of interest in the bibliography, starting from a good book, it will produce exponential recommendations, and will gradually extend more reading possibilities.

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The sixth is to look at the content, mainly to see what problem the book solves.

Does it provide a solution? Is its argumentation process rigorous?

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The seventh is to look at the quality of translation and book printing.

If the text of a book is poorly translated, it means that the publishing process is not focused; or there are too many typos, which will also affect its credibility; plus printing, binding design, etc., all represent Publisher-to-oneThe importance of this book indirectly determines the value of this book.

3. Read the book thin: read and deconstruct a book

Each book has its own mission, and the process of reading is artificial Figure out what problem a book solves and grasp the context and focus of a book. No matter how complicated a book is, there is a structure, which can quickly sort out the context and find a way to disassemble it.

1 Bad habits that need to be discarded before reading

Before reading, you must first understand the things you need to avoid.

One is to avoid reading intervals. The reading interval will break the fun and pleasure of reading. There was a saying in the ancients that "read well without asking for deep understanding." Take a look at this book first, if you don't understand it at all, then put it down. This book is not suitable for you to read for the time being.

If you can probably understand it, you can read it first, and experience it after reading it, "It turns out that this is the case." At this time, if there are some words in it that are inaccurate and do not understand, it is okay to check it after you finish reading it, but don't be affected by small obstacles when reading it at the beginning.

The second is to avoid inattention. When reading, it is best to stay away from distracting things such as mobile phones. Read the book here, read it with the phone over there, read a few sentences for a while, and then read it. This is a habit that must be avoided.

2 Find out what the problem is

Any book will have a main line. When you are reading a book, you should first understand one thing: After reading, ask yourself what problem this book will solve.

For example, the book "The Power of Others" solves the problem of interpersonal relationships. "Anti-fragility" solves the problem of how to benefit from uncertainty.

The themes of different books will appear in different places. Some books, such as novels, can only discover their themes from the overall perspective after we finish reading them. But tool books will let readers know the main point of the book as soon as possible, so for this type of book, we must first find the sentence that defines the problem in the book.

(Picture: Fan Deng recommends using mind maps to sort out ideas and clarify the problems solved in the book)

3 Familiar writing background

Next , Depends on the writing background of a book (some books do not), this part of the content is very valuable. This section will generally specify the topics in the book, what discussions people in related fields have done, which institutions have done research, and what their conclusions are.

The background knowledge of a book can help readers broaden their horizons, let people understand the state of the frontier research of a theory, and indirectly realize the value of this book.

4 Find the most valuable part of the book

The most valuable part of a book, what are the solutions or how this story happened, what is the process of change . For example, books such as "The Biography of Su Dongpo" and "The Biography of Da Vinci", the book describes the process, telling the readers the important stages in the life of the protagonist in the book, and the whole article uses storytelling writing Technique.

Tools book in this part is to find solutions. For example, in the book "Thinking and Standpoint", after explaining the importance of the theme, it began to talk about how to obtain speculative and critical thinking, and then pointed out that we need to have the fairness of thinking, the courage of thinking, etc., and finally to the readers Luo lists many solutions. The arguments given in the book to demonstrate the solution are also very valuable content in the book.

(Picture: "Cognitive Nature" mind map extracted by Fan Deng)

5 Looking for the sublimation value in the book

While extracting the problem from the book, we must also sublimate its value.

For example, "The Analects of Confucius" can be summarized into many categories of topics. Some are used to demonstrate family relationships, some are used to demonstrate workplace relationships, some are used to govern the country, and some are used to demonstrate psychological issues.

The half of "The Analects of Confucius" governs the world because its subject is broad and universal. This is what we call value sublimation.

Fourth, the knowledge of reading notes,

which content is the essence of the book

A book contains a lot of information and content It is also richer. So, what is the really valuable and recordable content of a book? During the lecture, Fan Deng summarized several personal judgment standards.

When the concept is clearly defined.

For example, in "Anti-fragility", what is anti-fragility? It is better when something uncertain happens. This is called anti-fragility. This is defining the concept. When you read such content in a book and define a subject clearly, you must remember its technique and the concept itself.

When the problem is serious.

Each book emphasizes the very serious part of the problem, which is often the focus of the author. It will make you think this book is worth reading.

When an explanation surprises you.

When something unexpected appears in a book, it is the most exciting and precious, and it will definitely bring you new inspiration.

When seeing the progressive relationship.

Generally speaking, a book will first explain a wide range of issues, then explore a detail, and then go down to study and analyze the meaning behind it. The progressive points in the book need to be noted, otherwise it is easy to miss the points.

When seeing the turning point.

If we read the turning point in the book, or read the reversal of the point of view, this part must be read in detail, to analyze how the plot turns, this is a very important content extraction point .

Discover the value of books from different sides.

The structure of some books is to propose a theme, and then use different aspects to confirm and demonstrate the theory. When writing applications from different sides, readers can often capture valuable and meaningful applications in it, which must be preserved. These contents are things that need to be recorded.

When you feel the impact of your heart while reading.

When you see the content that makes you thrilled, is shocked, and deeply inspired, such content is worth keeping. If argumentation and logic are compared to the "skeleton" of a book, then these touching content are the "muscles" of the book. "Muscle" refers to wonderful words and wonderful stories.

Anecdotes in the book.

Collect some short stories while reading, the reading process will not be too boring, and the reading comprehension will be improved.

The above eight content materials are what everyone needs to pay attention to when they are reading. Only in this way can we grasp the structure of a book and read the valuable and most essential parts.

In a complex era, reading is a weapon for the public to "anti-fragility". The correct way of reading can improve our learning structure and methods, and become an effective tool for us to quickly acquire knowledge.

In "Reading a Book: Fan Deng's Reading Method", Teacher Fan Deng uses his enthusiasm and wisdom of the speaker to introduce us to the essence of his book-telling experience, including how to choose books, read books, Open the book, and how to use the knowledge in the book for your own use, and the method of knowledge output.

Learned to read scientificallyIn order to continuously interpret various types of books and continuously expand their cognitive boundaries.

V. Tell the book: immersive reading method

Compared with the sightseeing reading mode of finishing a book, Fan Deng believes "Speaking books" is a more efficient immersive learning method, which can really make you understand a book.

How to tell a book well?

Fan Deng summed up two principles based on his own experience:

One is based on the book, don’t deviate; must follow the structure of the original book, and the core content must be based on the context of the book Come;

Second, the lecture is a re-creation rather than a simple abstract; The purpose of the lecture is not to read the original text but to facilitate the audience’s understanding. It is necessary to design some sentences on the basis of respecting the original text , So that the audience can get the content of the book more easily.

For many people, it is difficult to finish reading a book, let alone tell a book after reading it. However, Fan Deng's work requires him not only to tell the book, but also to speak clearly. In order to maintain a stable quality output, Fan Deng has his own set of mind map construction methods.

(Picture: There will be a mind map on the desk when Fan Deng lectures)

Preparation tools

A4 piece of paper, a black water-based pen

画技术法

A4 paper horizontal placement

The theme is written in the middle

Connect with a line

Pure text-based thinking guide.

Generally write 7-10 main branches (if you have trivial knowledge points, you can record them separately).

There are two main ideas when drawing the mind map of the book

is divided according to the chapter structure of the book.

Re-deconstruct according to what you understand after reading it (this method is more difficult and tests the level of an interpreter).

Fan Deng’s language for constructing mind maps has two characteristics.

Describes in your own language.

There are many words in the mind map. Not all the content in the book is copied. The second is Fan Deng. Own understanding.

has its own interpretation logic

The author has his own set of logic for writing books, arranged according to parts and chapters. But you can re-deconstruct it based on your own understanding of the book.

The above four points are the characteristics and habits of Fan Deng's drawing of mind maps. This is a very effective method for book reading that he summarized through practice.

There is no good or bad drawing style of mind map. Finding the right one is the most important thing.

When we look at a mind map, we should look at the core parts, such as logical structure and drawing ideas. These are the key elements that truly reflect a person's learning ability.

Drawing a mind map is the process of "knowledge output". After reading a book, use the mind map to sort out the content of the book. This way allows you to understand the content of the book clearly and draw and write The process can deepen your impression of this book and help you truly understand a book.

Learning to speak is not only the beginning of reading a book, but also the cultivation of good reading habits, helping you turn knowledge into ability, and making reading a powerful weapon against vulnerability.

给书福利

From the perspective of reading books, this book teaches readers how to disassemble Fan Deng’s reading and the mentality of promoting reading for all. From the accumulation of the quality of the lecturer, ability training, how to choose books, sorting out the content structure, grasping the core points, to the mentality preparation before the lecture, the rhythm and framework of the lecture, and the establishment of the path of the lecture. Created a game about reading and thinking mode for readersAdvanced class.

"to read a book: Fan Teng Reading Method"

Author: Fan Teng

Press: CITIC Publishing Group

Now, everyone Jun 21 Go for welfare, free books!

How to obtain?

Leave a comment under this weekend of reading. Readers who get the top 2 likes (the number of likes must be no less than 50) will get a free book. At the same time, 21 Jun will select some comments outside the top 2 Readers who want to go will also give away a free copy of "Understanding a Book: Fan Deng's Reading Method".

In order to provide readers with more opportunities, the same reader can only win once in every four consecutive book donation activities (the same WeChat ID, mobile phone number, and address are regarded as the same reader)

us The list of winners will be announced in the evening reading on Monday (March 30)~ Friends who have received the book, remember to leave your address according to the time, not waiting~ (so the deadline for the 2 before the like is Between 20:00-21:00 on March 29th~ Note: The exact time is subject to 21 Jun’s screenshots; in case of breaking news, screenshots may be taken in advance.)

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