"Three years of detained travelers, today is the South Crown." , the young hero Xia Wanchun's "Between the Clouds" is sincere and full of emotions. It makes people cry when it reads. Among them, the term "Southern Crown" is another name for the captive.
History is always moving forward slowly in the alternation of war and peace. After the war, it is always easier for people to remember the martyrs and living heroes who died in the war, and ignore the other group of people in the war, that is The prisoners who were defeated and captured, these people became prisoners of the enemy after the defeat, life and death, misfortune and happiness are controlled by the thoughts of the enemy in the past.
After World War II, many Japanese soldiers also became captives, but they fell into the hands of different enemies, and the fate waiting for them was completely different. The Japanese soldiers captured by the Chinese were not only delicious and delicious, but also sent back home, but The Japanese soldiers captured by the Soviet army did not have such good treatment. Their living conditions were extremely difficult, and many people even buried their bones in the Soviet Union and never returned to their homeland. Especially during this period, Japanese soldiers had a very bad impression of Soviet female nurses, calling them "a nightmare."
So, what happened to the Japanese prisoners of war in the Soviet Union?
Soviet Union captured Day Army 700,000
1945 Yalta as the last stubborn bastion of fascism in Japan declared the end of the road Also suffered an unprecedented blow.
The Soviet Red Army sent troops to Northeast China in accordance with the requirements of the Yalta Conference. The Japanese soldiers who had been entrenched in the Northeast region of my country were quickly defeated in front of the Soviet Red Army. After the war, Japanese soldiers who were close to 70 million were sent back to the Soviet Union as prisoners of war.
However, the Soviet Union did not deal with these prisoners so well. These Japanese soldiers who had surrendered were packed into trains and transported to the icy and snowy Siberia. Some senior Japanese officers brought a lot of living supplies when they were captured, but these things were all taken away by citizens who rushed up at the train station.
After arriving at the place of labor, the nightmare of Japanese soldiers really began. The first problem they faced was the housing problem. The Soviet Union did not do a good job in the placement of these soldiers, and the pre-prepared housing simply could not accommodate the large number of Japanese soldiers.
Japanese soldiers had to build houses by themselves, but the more serious problem is that the wood for building houses is also not satisfied. The so-called clever women can hardly cook without rice. In the absence of materials, building houses is simply a fantasy. Soldiers can only live in simple shacks, and many Japanese soldiers freeze to death in the ice and snow.
In addition to housing problems, it is difficult to guarantee the basic diet of Japanese soldiers. In order to make up for the economic losses caused in the war, the Soviet Union sent Japanese prisoners of war to do heavy work such as mining and building railways, but their meals were very simple, and some soldiers could only get a bowl of gruel, which was completely unsatisfactory. belly.
In short, maybe I really should have said the old saying, thirty years in Hedong, thirty years in Hexi, these soldiers dominate the Northeast, the Chinese people probably never thought that they would have nowhere to escape the cold. With no food and full stomach, as the people of the victimized nation, we should probably feel very happy.But from a humanitarian perspective, it is hard not to sympathize with these Japanese soldiers.
In addition to the physical torture, the Japanese prisoners are also mentally enjoying the torture of homesickness all the time.
The dream of homesickness is hard to come by
Birds remember the old forest, fishes think of the old abyss, and the nostalgia for home and homeland will always be the deepest emotion inscribed in human bones and blood. Japanese captives are no exception.
It is difficult for these captives to think of their hometown in the freezing cold of Siberia. When they think of their relatives in their homeland, especially when the real life is unbearable, the memory of their hometown becomes even more eager and warm. Because for them, their hometown is not only a spiritual belonging and support, but also the only way for them to get rid of the current hell life.
However, it is not easy for these Japanese prisoners of war to return to Japan. Because based on the current political situation at the time, the Soviet Union was unwilling to return these prisoners. Although World War II was over, there were still intrigues among the major powers. The Soviet Union believed that it would not be beneficial for itself to hand over these prisoners with strict military training.
Moreover, From a practical point of view, 70 Ten thousand Japanese prisoners of war are a very large labor force. They work for free in the most difficult jobs, which may not be necessary for the Soviet Union, which is in urgent need of recovery after the war. It's not that it is difficult to give up the benefits. At the same time, it was difficult for the Soviet Union to take out enough ships to return these prisoners of war to Japan.
So, in this case, an important way for Japanese soldiers to return to Japan is to get sick. Strong1strong is because according to the Soviet regulations ,If a soldier is seriously ill and loses the ability to work, he can be sent back to Japan. This is the only opportunity for many Japanese prisoners to return to their country.
The Soviet Union regularly conducts physical examinations for these Japanese prisoners. The Japanese soldiers were pulled out and stood in a row. Serious Soviet nurses or female military doctors examined their bodies. The most common method is to pull up the skin on the thighs to check the health of the body. Many skinny soldiers have the opportunity to get easy jobs and even be sent home.
This inspection method is undoubtedly simple and rude, but the Japanese soldiers under inspection dare not express any dissatisfaction. Some Japanese prisoners who survived recalled that they were very scared of these Soviet nurses at the time, because the results of their inspections directly affected whether the Japanese prisoners could return to their country.
In short, time has changed. These once proud and invincible soldiers of the Imperial Japanese Empire were once captured, and the fate and hope of returning home or not are maintained by the Soviet female nurses. If the Soviet female nurses check that they are healthy, they must continue to work in the Soviet Union. Japan has become the hometown that they can never return to.
According to statistics, of the _strong2 70, _strong21strong soldiers captured by the Soviet Union, only _strong23 _strong21strong 10,000 soldiers were finally returned to Japan alive. This also affected the relations between Japan and the Soviet Union and Japan and Russia.
The impact of the prisoner of war issue on Japan-Soviet relations
1956 year ,Japan and the Soviet Union signed the "Japan-Soviet Joint Declaration." The relationship between Japan and the Soviet Union was normalized. However, the issue of prisoners of war is a thorn between the two countries, which has been obstructing the further development of relations between the two countries.
Japan is culturally inherited from China. Many traditional ideas and concepts have similarities with China. For example, they all attach importance to the return of fallen leaves to their roots and the commemoration of their ancestors. However, those Japanese prisoners of war who stayed in the Soviet Union forever were unnamed, without a tomb after death, and could not return to their homeland. They did not even have a soul home after death. It is difficult for the Japanese people to accept this emotionally.
After the signing of the "Japan-Soviet Joint Declaration", the Soviet Union also began to send prisoners of war back to the country in batches, and began to spend manpower to inquire and count the number of deaths, names and burial locations of Japanese prisoners. However, due to the limitations of subjective and objective reasons, the progress of this work was not smooth.
Moreover, the issue of the unpaid work of the Soviet Union’s forced prisoners has always been the focus of the dispute between the two countries. Japanese scholars once asked Russia to compensate for the labor of these prisoners, but Russian scholars believe that the Soviet Union’s financial resources for the placement of these prisoners have already been Beyond the value created by the captives, these issues have been arguing between the two countries and there is no conclusion.
In short, in any case, the Japanese prisoner of war issue is a tragedy in human history. Only by facing up to history and solving historical problems can the relations between Japan and Russia go further.
Concluding remarks
We can't deny that these Japanese prisoners of war are not good people. They have started wars and slaughtered innocent civilians. This is true. However, no matter how evil they are, they shouldn’t deserve to be abused.
We are fighting against aggression, not only against individual soldiers, but also against fascist countries, but the act of aggression itself.The crimes committed by Japan should be tried in the International Court of Justice, and these soldiers should be sanctioned by justice, rather than being abused and oppressed in Siberia.
We Now sympathizes with Japanese captives, not sympathizing with criminals, but telling ourselves not to become a dragon after slaying the dragon.
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