印度網友熱議：印度在哪些領域遠遠領先於中國？印度專家：太多了

印度網友經常通過媒體經常看到關於中國的各類報道，對中國日新月異的發展感到驚異，對比印度的發展情況，這一切在他們看來是那樣的不真實，於是他在海外知名問答網站Quora上提問道：印度在哪些領域遠遠領先於中國？該問題引起各國網友熱議，各國網友紛紛發文提出自己的見解。

印度在哪些領域遠遠領先於中國？

印度經濟學家達斯•古普特的回答

Not to mention the leading part, you can look at the areas where the two countries are equally competitive.

不要說領先的部分，你可以看一下兩國具有同等競爭力的領域。

If you have to pick a general from the shortlist, you can learn about the generic drug or textile manufacturing industry. However, because these industries are relatively low-end, China is not very interested in these aspects. India has only caught up with them in recent years by taking advantage of its rich young labor resources. You can't say that India is doing better than China, because China is not involved at all, It only counts if both countries are focused on developing a certain area and India is better.

如果非要矬子裡邊拔將軍的話，你可以了解一下非專利藥品或紡織品製造業，但因為這些產業都較為低端，中國對這些方面沒多大興趣，印度近幾年才利用自身年輕勞動力資源豐富的優勢趕上來，你不能說印度比中國做得更好，因為中國根本沒有入局，只有兩國都專註於發展某個領域，而印度更勝一籌，那才算數。

Unfortunately, there are few.

可遺憾的是，幾乎沒有。

Five years ago, we could have called it space technology. China was far behind us, but by 2021, they successively realized the space station project, the moon landing program and the Mars exploration program that we can't touch.

五年前，我們本可以說是太空科技，中國曾經遠遠地被我們甩在後邊，但到了2021年，他們接連實現了我們無法觸及的空間站項目、登月計劃和火星探測計劃。

Five years ago, we could have called it, but China was ahead of us again. They are much more advanced than us in mlai and other forms of coding technology. Chinese computer technicians have won many awards in international competitions, and you can't see Indians at all.

五年前，我們本可以說是信息技術，但中國再一次走在了我們前面。他們在MLAI和其他形式的編碼技術方面比我們先進得多，中國的計算機技術人才在國際賽事中屢獲大獎，而在其中，你根本看不到印度人的身影。

Five years ago, we could call it petrochemical products, but by 2020 - China has built top-quality petrochemical products and large refineries. Thanks to the strategic cooperation with Russia, Iran and even Middle East countries, China can often buy oil at a lower price. Although Saudi Arabia is far ahead in the petrochemical field, it is easy to beat India in the international competition. China's one belt, one road project, like a raging fire, has been promoting all the work of the PMB project. The Chinese chemical company has won the general contract of Russia's natural gas methanol production project. The project is in full swing.

五年前我們可以說是石化產品，但到了2020年——中國興建起質量頂尖的石化產品和大型煉油廠，得益於與俄羅斯和伊朗乃至中東國家的戰略合作，中國往往可以以更低的價格購買石油，儘管沙特在石化領域仍舊遙遙領先，但在國際競爭中，擊敗印度輕而易舉。作為「一帶一路」重點項目的恆逸汶萊PMB項目各項工作均有序推進，中國化學子公司拿下俄羅斯天然氣制甲醇項目工程總承包合同，項目建設正如火如荼。

All other fields, such as gem cutting, it services or engineering export, are areas that China has not been deeply cultivated, so we can't say we must do better than them.

所有其他領域，如寶石切割、IT服務或工程出口，都是中國未曾深耕的領域，因此我們不能說一定比他們做得更好。

Sadly, this country, which was still far behind us in 1976, is now in such a position: they are ahead of us in every competition.

可悲的是，這個在1976年還遠遠落後於我們的國家現在正處於這樣一個位置：在每一場競賽中，他們都領先於我們。

互聯網企業家斯金•史蒂芬的回答

English level. Although Indians speak English with a strong accent, their English level is still much higher than that of most Chinese. Therefore, you can see that many multinational enterprises have set up English call centers in India, which values India's advantages in this regard.

英語水平。雖然印度人說英語有很濃厚的口音，但他們的英語水平仍然遠遠高於大多數中國人，所以，你可以看到，很多跨國企業都在印度設置有英語呼叫中心，就是看重印度這方面的優勢。

Cricket. Indians are proficient in cricket, just as Chinese are proficient in table tennis. Although it has not yet become an Olympic event, it is an indispensable fitness sport for Indians.

板球運動。印度人精通板球，就像中國人精通乒乓球一樣，雖然它還沒有成為奧運會的參賽項目，但對印度人來說，是一項不可或缺的健身運動。

India is a country of curry. On the streets, you can see all kinds of snacks made of curry, which are distinctive and delicious. Chinese people have only begun to eat curry in recent ten years.

印度是咖喱的國度，在街頭，你可以看到各式各樣咖喱做成的小吃，有特色而又美味，中國人則近十年才開始食用咖喱。

The IT services, space technology, medical and pharmaceutical industries were also mentioned. I agree that India's pharmaceutical industry is excellent, but you have to admit that China has ranked first in the world in the field of it and space exploration technology, almost second only to the United States.

有人還提到IT服務、空間技術、醫療和製藥行業。我同意印度的製藥業是優秀的，但你不得不承認中國在IT領域和空間探索技術已經位居世界前列了，幾乎僅次於美國。

I am a software engineer. I can tell you the truth that China's software industry is far more advanced than Indians think. India's software industry is mainly software outsourcing, which is only the most basic module of software companies in western countries. In fact, it is a relatively low-end part of the software industry. European and American countries are not so compassionate that they transfer high value-added industries to India. There are many excellent companies in China's software industry, such as bat: Baidu \ Alibaba \ Tencent \ tiktok. These companies are not weaker than western software giants in terms of market value, revenue and technical talents.

我是一名軟件工程師，我可以實話告訴你，中國的軟件產業遠比印度人想像的要先進。印度的軟件產業主要是軟件外包，這只是西方國家軟件公司最基本的模塊，實際上是軟件產業中相對低端的一部分，歐美國家是不會那麼慈悲以至於把高附加值產業轉移到印度來的。而中國的軟件行業有很多優秀的公司，比如BAT：百度\阿里巴巴\騰訊\ tiktok，無論市值、營收方面還是技術人才方面，這些公司並不弱於西方軟件業巨頭。

In terms of space technology, China has carried out manned space flight. A temporary space station has been completed and a long-term space station will be completed in the near future. China also launched two lunar probes and successfully excavated lunar soil, which amazed the world. In terms of the successful launch of the Mars probe, India is now doing better than China, but I think China is more advanced in terms of the overall scientific and technological level. India spends slightly more than $1 billion a year on its space program, while the US budget is about $19.3 billion. At the same time, China spent $6.1 billion on its space program in 2013.

在航天技術方面，中國進行了載人航天飛行。一個臨時空間站已經建設完成，一個長期空間站將在不久的將來完工。中國還發射了兩枚月球探測器，成功挖掘月壤，讓世界為之驚嘆。在成功發射火星探測器方面，印度現在比中國做得好，但我認為從整體科技水平來看，中國更先進。印度每年在太空計划上的支出略高於10億美元，而美國的預算約為193億美元，與此同時，中國僅僅在2013年為其太空計劃就花費了61億美元。

印度火星探測器

You can check the launch vehicle and satellite navigation data and applications of China and India. There is no doubt that China has a higher technical level in these important fields.

你可以查詢一下中國和印度的運載火箭和衛星導航數據和應用，毋庸置疑中國在這些重要領域的技術水平更高。

This is my personal view. I hope everyone should look at the gap objectively, not as arrogant and arrogant as nationalists.

這是我個人的看法。我希望每個人都要客觀看待差距，而不是像民族主義者那樣傲慢，目空一切。

印度藥學專家高瑞夫•沙瑪的回答

China is in a more favorable position than India in overall economic development, and is one higher than India in almost all fields. Strong economic development momentum is the source of innovation. It can easily provide funds for any favorable innovation. Moreover, a tolerant market environment is easier to accept new things with long cycle, high cost and strong instability. Once it is formed, it can bring revolutionary impact. Although the Indian economy has a strong momentum, its scale is only one fifth of that of China. The stable financial market provides Chinese enterprises with more diversified financing opportunities and more advanced market leverage.

中國在整體經濟的發展上比印度處於更有利的地位，而且幾乎在所有領域都高出印度一個身位。強勁的經濟發展動能是創新的源泉，它可以輕鬆地為任何有利的創新提供資金，而且寬容的市場環境更容易接受長周期、高成本、不穩定性強的新事物，可一旦成型，就能帶來革命性的影響。印度經濟雖然勢頭很猛，但規模僅有中國的五分之一，穩健的金融市場為中國企業提供了更加多元化的融資機會和更先進的市場槓桿。

In India, the number of middle class is very small. In order to solve employment, we mainly focus on low-end innovation, which actually reflects India's potential. This country has also created miracles in the most unique way regardless of obstacles:

在印度，中產階級數量很少，為了解決就業，我們主要關注低端創新，這實際上反映了印度的潛力，這個國家也曾不顧阻礙，以最獨特的方式創造了奇蹟：

India has exported a large number of cheap drugs to developing countries and even developed countries. It is one of the top ten exporting countries and is the only developing country among them. This is reflected in the famous Chinese film Dying to survive.

印度向發展中國家甚至發達國家出口了大量的廉價藥品，位列十大出口國之一，是其中唯一一個發展中國家，中國著名電影作品《我不是葯神》反映了這一點。

印度仿製葯

Although we don't have Harvard University or MIT, or even Tsinghua University and Jiaotong University, we do better than them in training scientists. Our scholars have a solid foundation, quick thinking and superb creativity. With them, we can cut the cost of many scientific research projects several times. Based on the requirements of reliability and innovation, India has invested a lot of money in the space research institute and become the world's top space agency. Although it still lags behind China in terms of success rate and technology, many technologies have been learned and emulated by Musk's spacex.

儘管我們沒有哈佛大學或麻省理工學院，甚至沒有清華大學和交通大學，但我們在培養科學家方面做得比他們更好。我們的學者基礎紮實，思維敏捷，有着高超的創造力，有了他們，我們可以把諸多科研項目的成本削減幾倍。基於可靠性和創新要求，印度為太空研究院投入了大量資金，成為了世界頂級的航天機構，雖然在成功率和技術層面仍落後於中國，但諸多技術已經被馬斯克的spacex學習效仿。

Bangalore is not only the entrepreneurial capital of India, but also the world entrepreneurial center. Despite insufficient funds and outdated infrastructure, we still have young people who believe that intelligence is the primary productivity, and they are constantly proving this. We are the fourth largest holder of doctoral students (after the United States, Germany and the United Kingdom). In these top three countries, you will also find many Indian students, so the actual ranking may be higher.

班加羅爾不僅是印度的創業之都，也是世界創業中心。儘管資金不足，基礎設施陳舊，但我們仍有年輕人相信智力是第一生產力，他們也在不斷證明這一點。我們是第四大博士生擁有國（僅次於美國、德國、英國）。在這些排名前三的國家，你也會發現很多印度學生，所以實際排名可能會更高。

India is also the main destination of health tourism, ranking among the top five in the world medical tourism. The prevalence of yoga is only one aspect. A large number of tourists patronize mainly because experienced doctors provide cheap treatment schemes and world-class medical facilities.

印度還是健康旅遊的主要目的地，在世界醫療旅遊業排名前五。瑜伽的盛行只是一個方面，大量遊客光顧主要是因為經驗豐富的醫生提供了廉價的治療方案和世界一流的醫療設施。

India has less debt than the United States or China. The following is a list of countries by external debt - Wikipedia

與美國或中國相比，印度的負債更少。下面是按外債排名的國家示意圖-來自維基百科

各國負債表

India is committed to exerting its influence on the world stage by virtue of its own advantages. The recent reform of the government and the optimization of the political environment will promote India's social and economic growth by leaps and bounds. From the reduction of red tape to the strengthening of public governance, the Indian government has done quite well. It is conceivable that India's domestic taxation, digitization How the reform of infrastructure and medical industry will further promote economic growth.

印度致力於憑藉自己的優勢在世界舞台上發揮影響力，政府最近的改革和政治環境的優化將會推動印度社會經濟的跨越式增長，從繁文縟節的削減到公共治理的強化，印度政府都做得相當不錯，可以想像，近期印度國內的稅收、數字化、基礎設施和醫療行業改革將如何進一步推動經濟增長。

Admittedly, India's road will never be as straight as China's, but it will be slow and stable. The uncertainty of becoming a world power may be a good thing for India. It will always push India forward, but I believe we will do well in spreading peace and benefit other countries in this process.

誠然，印度的道路永遠不會像中國那樣筆直，但它將是緩慢而穩定的。能否成為世界強國的不確定性對印度來說也許是個好事，它將一直鞭策印度前進，但我相信，我們將在傳播和平方面有出色表現，並在這一進程中惠及其他國家。