20240716月球洞穴:科學家已經證實月球上有一個洞穴，

Photo Description:

FILE - A plane passes in front of the moon, Aug. 30, 2023, in Chicago. Scientists have confirmed a cave on the moon, not far from where Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed 55 years ago this week, and suspect there are hundreds more that could house future astronauts. (AP Photo/Kiichiro Sato, file)

圖片描述：

文件-一架飛機於2023年8月30日在芝加哥經過月球前方。科學家們已經證實，月球上有一個洞穴，距離尼爾·阿姆斯特朗和巴茲·奧爾德林55年前本周着陸的地方不遠，並懷疑還有數百個洞穴可以容納未來的宇航員。（美聯社照片/佐藤喜一郎，文件）

BY MARCIA DUNN

Updated 11:24 PM GMT+8, July 15, 2024

2024/07/15

1.

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. (AP) — Scientists have confirmed a cave on the moon, not far from where Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed 55 years ago, and suspect there are hundreds more that could house future astronauts.

佛羅里達州卡納維拉爾角（美聯社）-科學家們已經證實，月球上有一個洞穴，距離尼爾·阿姆斯特朗和巴茲·奧爾德林55年前着陸的地方不遠，並懷疑還有數百個洞穴可以容納未來的宇航員。

2.

An Italian-led team reported Monday that there’s evidence for a sizable cave accessible from the deepest known pit on the moon. It’s located at the Sea of Tranquility, just 250 miles (400 kilometers) from Apollo 11’s landing site.

周一，一個由意大利領導的團隊報告稱，有證據表明，從月球上已知最深的坑中可以進入一個相當大的洞穴。它位於寧靜海，距離阿波羅11號着陸點僅250英里（400公里）。

3.

The pit, like the more than 200 others discovered up there, was created by the collapse of a lava tube.

這個坑和那裡發現的200多個坑一樣，是由熔岩管坍塌造成的。

4.

Researchers analyzed radar measurements by NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, and compared the results with lava tubes on Earth. Their findings appeared in the journal Nature Astronomy.

研究人員分析了美國國家航空航天局月球勘測軌道器的雷達測量結果，並將其與地球上的熔岩管進行了比較。他們的發現發表在《自然天文學》雜誌上。

5.

The radar data reveals only the initial part of the underground cavity, according to the scientists. They estimate it’s at least 130 feet (40 meters) wide and tens of yards (meters) long, probably more.

據科學家稱，雷達數據只顯示了地下洞穴的初始部分。他們估計它至少有130英尺（40米）寬，幾十碼（米）長，可能更多。

6.

“Lunar caves have remained a mystery for over 50 years. So it was exciting to be able to finally prove the existence” of one, Leonardo Carrer and Lorenzo Bruzzone of the University of Trento, wrote in an email.

特倫託大學的Leonardo Carrer和Lorenzo Bruzzone在一封電子郵件中寫道：“月球洞穴50多年來一直是一個謎。因此，能夠最終證明其中一個洞穴的存在是令人興奮的。”

7.

Most of the pits seem to be located in the moon’s ancient lava plains, according to the scientists. There also could be some at the moon’s south pole, the planned location of NASA’s astronaut landings later this decade. Permanently shadowed craters there are believed to hold frozen water that could provide drinking water and rocket fuel.

據科學家稱，大多數坑似乎位於月球古老的熔岩平原上。月球南極也可能有一些，這是美國國家航空航天局本十年晚些時候宇航員着陸的計劃地點。據信，那裡的永久陰影隕石坑中有冷凍水，可以提供飲用水和火箭燃料。

8.

During NASA’s Apollo program, 12 astronauts landed on the moon, beginning with Armstrong and Aldrin on July 20, 1969.

在美國國家航空航天局的阿波羅計劃中，12名宇航員登上了月球，從1969年7月20日的阿姆斯特朗和奧爾德林開始。

9.

The findings suggest there could be hundreds of pits on the moon and thousands of lava tubes. Such places could serve as a natural shelter for astronauts, protecting them from cosmic rays and solar radiation as well as from micrometeorite strikes. Building habitats from scratch would be more time-consuming and challenging, even when factoring in the potential need of reinforcing the cave walls to prevent a collapse, the team said.

研究結果表明，月球上可能有數百個坑和數千個熔岩管。這些地方可以作為宇航員的天然避難所，保護他們免受宇宙射線和太陽輻射以及微隕石撞擊。該團隊表示，即使考慮到加固洞穴牆壁以防止坍塌的潛在需求，從頭開始建造棲息地也會更加耗時和具有挑戰性。

10.

Rocks and other material inside these caves — unaltered by the harsh surface conditions over the eons — also can help scientists better understand how the moon evolved, especially involving its volcanic activity.

這些洞穴內的岩石和其他物質——在漫長的歲月里沒有被惡劣的表面條件改變——也可以幫助科學家更好地了解月球是如何進化的，特別是涉及其火山活動的。