專題一 不可忽視的小詞——冠詞、代詞和介詞(短語)
第二講 代 詞
1.(2020·全國卷Ⅰ·語法填空)Data about the moon's composition,such as how much ice and
other treasures it contains,could help China decide whether________(it) plans for a future lunar(月球的)base are practical.
解析:考查代詞。根據空後的名詞plans可知,此處應使用形容詞性物主代詞its,故填its。
答案:its
2.[2020·新高考卷Ⅰ(山東卷)·語法填空]As well as looking at exhibits,visitors can play with
computer simulations(模擬)and imagine________(they) living at a different time in history or walking
through a rainforest.
解析:考查反身代詞。句意:除了觀賞展品,遊客還可以玩電腦模擬遊戲,想像自己生活在一個不同的歷史時期,或者漫步在熱帶雨林中。此處指代visitors,意為「他們自己」,應使用反身代詞。故填themselves。
答案:themselves
3.(2019·北京卷·語法填空)Nervously facing challenges,I know I will whisper to________(I)the
two simple words「Be yourself」.
解析:考查代詞。句意:緊張地面對挑戰,我知道我將輕聲對自己說兩個簡單的字「做你自己」。本句的主語是I,當賓語與主語是同一人稱時,賓語要用反身代詞。故填myself。
答案:myself
4.(2018·全國卷Ⅰ·語法填空)If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give________a try.
解析:it代指上文提到的「跑步」這項運動。
答案:it
解代詞類題目「三步走」
第一步:如何確定填代詞
無提示詞的語法填空題,當句子缺少主語或賓語時,一定填代詞。
第二步:具體填什麼代詞
分析句子成分,如果句子缺主語,則可填人稱代詞主格、指示代詞、不定代詞或it;如果句子缺賓語,則可填人稱代詞賓格;如果賓語與主語是指同一人,應用反身代詞。無論是語法填空題還是改錯題,涉及代詞時一定要從上下文考慮,代詞指代的是人還是物,是男還是女,是單數還是複數。
第三步:分析句式是否涉及it
[語法填空典例1] (2020·湖南瀏陽六校聯考)However,quite a few other people,especially________in the countryside,would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have 「Double
Happiness」.
分析:分析句子成分可知空格處需填替代詞,意為「生活在農村的那些人」,表達複數概念,因此填those。
[語法填空典例2] (2020·山東聊城3月一模)When________comes to Microsoft,the first person
we think of is Bill Gates,the other cofounder of the firm.
分析:分析句式可知空格處缺主語,構成固定句式「when it comes to...」。故填it。
Ⅰ.單句語法填空(用代詞填空)
1.(2017·全國卷Ⅱ)However,the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six
months,more than 25,000 people were using ________ every day.
2.(2020·山西太原期中考試)In return,bookstores have improved the cultural atmosphere of
shopping malls,so ________is mutually beneficial to have such cooperation.
3.(2020·河北衡水中學一調)In the next few years,Hangzhou will try its best to prepare________(it)for the big show.
4.(2020·湖北重點高中聯考協作體期中考試)They say normal levels of stress can help students
to work and think faster and more effectively,as well as improve________(they)performance.
5.(2020·安徽江淮十校二次聯考)And a 1955 US ad advised mothers to mix the sugary soft drink 7UP with________(they)baby's milk.
6.(2020·浙江金麗衢十二校二次聯考)You have to drive your daughter to school________(you).
7.(2020·山東師大附中五次模擬)Written Chinese came out in________(it)earliest form
approximately 6,000 years ago.
8.(2020·浙江金麗衢十二校聯考)Linda,please tell me a little bit about________(you).
9.(2020·安徽望江中學月考)—Have you got enough tickets?
—Not yet.We just need________one.
10.(2020·新疆第二次檢測)Nowadays reference books have become a problem of great concern for________the teachers and the students.
1.解析:句意:考查代詞。use是及物動詞,其後接賓語,空處缺少代詞。分析句意可知,此處用it指代上文提到的the railway.
答案:it
2.解析:句意:作為回報,書店提升了購物中心的文化氛圍,所以這樣的合作是雙贏的。本句真正的主語是to have such cooperation,設空處作形式主語,故答案為it。
答案:it
3.解析:句意:在接下來的幾年裡,杭州為了這次大的展示將盡全力做好準備。設空處與主語
Hangzhou為「同指」關係,故填反身代詞itself。
答案:itself
4.解析:句意:他們說正常水平的壓力能夠幫助學生更快、更有效地學習、思考,同時也能提升他們的表現。考查代詞。根據句意可推知設空處指的是「他們的」,因此此處需填形容詞性物主代詞their,修飾名詞performance。
答案:their
5.解析:句意:1955年美國的一則廣告建議媽媽們將含糖的軟飲料七喜和嬰兒奶粉混合。設空處作baby的定語,再根據提示詞they可知設空處應填形容詞性物主代詞their。
答案:their
6.解析:句意:你需要親自開車將女兒送到學校。設空處與主語you為「同指」關係,故填反身代詞,根據提示詞可知設空處填yourself。
答案:yourself
7.解析:句意:大約在6 000年前,漢字以其最早的形式出現了。設空處作earliest form的定語,指「漢字的」,故填its。
答案:its
8.解析:此處表示「你自己」的概念,應用反身代詞,指Linda,故填yourself。
答案:yourself
9.解析:句意:「你們得到足夠的票了嗎?」「還沒有,我們還需要一張。」another泛指三者或三者以上中的另一個,後接單數可數名詞。
答案:another
10.解析:考查固定搭配。固定搭配both...and...意為「兩者都」,符合語境,故用both。
答案:both