1. Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn』t know for sure ?That the evidence was inconclusive , the science uncertain ?
結構:
- Do you [主] remember [謂] all those years [賓]
- 定語從句:when scientists [主] argued [謂]
- 賓語從句:that smoking [主] would kill [謂] us [賓] but the doubters [主] insisted [謂]
- 賓語從句:that we [主] didn』t know [謂] for sure [狀] ?
- That the evidence [主] was [系] inconclusive [表] , the science [主] uncertain ? [表]
單詞:
conclusive a.確鑿的 確定的
解析:
- when引導定語從句,修飾all those years
- 定語從句中包含兩個賓語從句,均由that引導
- 最後一句話中,省略了系動詞was, the science was uncertain ?
直譯:你還記得那些年嗎?科學家指出吸煙將會殺死我們,但是懷疑者卻堅稱我們不知道那是不是真的,那些證據是不確定的,科學也是不確定的
譯文:還記得科學家認為吸煙會是我們喪命,而懷疑者則堅持認為我們不能肯定這種觀點的時候嗎?還記得懷疑者堅持認為證據不確鑿,科學對此也不確定的時候嗎?
重點:
- when引導定語從句,修飾all those years
- 定語從句中包含兩個賓語從句,均由that引導
- 最後一句話中,省略了系動詞was, the science was uncertain ?
2. That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way ? Lots of Americans bought that nonsense , and over three decades , some 10 million smokers went to early graves .
結構:
- That the antismoking lobby [主] was [系] out [表] to destroy our way of life [狀]
- and the government [主] should stay out of [謂] the way [賓] ?
- Lots of Americans [主] bought [謂] that nonsense [賓] ,
- and over three decades [狀] , some 10 million smokers [主] went to early [謂] graves [賓]
單詞:
Lobby n.遊說的人
Buy/bought vt.購買 換取 相信
Nonsense n.胡言亂語 愚蠢 無意義的話
Grave n.墳墓 墓地
詞組:
Out to 試圖
Stay out of 置身於...之外
Lots of 許多
直譯:還記得懷疑者堅信,那些進行的反吸煙遊說試圖毀掉了我們生活的方式,政府應該置身於反吸煙這件事之外的時候嗎?大多數的美國人都相信那種胡言亂語,因此30年之後,大約1000萬的吸煙者早早地進入了墳墓
譯文:還記得懷疑者堅持認為反吸煙的遊說團體是為了破壞我們的生活方式,政府應該置身事外的時候嗎?許多美國人相信這種毫無道理的說法,三十多年來,大約有一千萬吸煙者過早死亡
重點:
- Out to 試圖
- Stay out of 置身於...之外
3. There are upsetting parallels today , as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming .
結構:
- There are upsetting parallels today ,
- as scientists in one wave after another [主] try to awaken [謂] us [賓] to the growing threat of global warming [補]
單詞:
Parallels n.類似 平行
詞組:
Try to 試圖
直譯:如今,有一個令人沮喪的類似事情,當科學家一波又一波地試圖提醒我們全球變暖帶來的不斷增長的威脅
譯文:如今,令人憂慮的相似情景又捲土重來,科學家前仆後繼試圖喚醒我們正視全球變暖所帶來的日益嚴重的威脅
4. The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences , enlisted by the White House , to tell us that the Earth』s atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made .
結構:
- The latest [主] was [系] a panel [表] from the National Academy of Sciences [定]
- 插入語, enlisted by the White House ,
- to tell us [狀]
- 賓語從句:that the Earth』s atmosphere [主] is [系] definitely warming [表]
- 賓語從句:and that the problem [主] is [系] largely man-made [表] .
單詞:
Panel n.小組 面板
enlist vt.使入伍 贏得 爭取 支持 幫助
Definitely ad.一定地 確定的 當然 確實
解析:
- 兩個逗號之間是插入語,截斷了目的狀語
- 目的狀語中有兩個賓語從句,均由that引導
直譯:來自國家科學院一個由白宮資助的研究小組的最新消息,告訴我們地球大氣層確實在不斷變暖,而且這個問題主要是人為造成的
譯文:最近的情況是,一個由白宮召集的國家科學院小組告訴我們,地球的大氣肯定在變暖,而且這個問題主要是認為的
重點:
- 兩個逗號之間是插入語,截斷了目的狀語
- 目的狀語中有兩個賓語從句,均由that引導
5. The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves . The president of the National Academy , Bruce Alberts , added this key point in the preface to the panel』s report : 「Science never has all the answer . But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future , and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions . 」
結構:
- The clear message [主] is [系]
- 表語從句:that we [主] should get [謂] moving to protect ourselves [賓] .
- The president of the National Academy [主]
- 插入語: , Bruce Alberts ,
- added [謂] this key point [賓] in the preface to the panel』s report [狀] :
- Science [主] never has [謂] all the answer [賓] .
- But science [主] does provide [謂] us [賓] with the best available guide to the future [補] ,
- and it [形式主語] is critical
- 真正主語:that our nation and the world [主] base important policies on [謂] the best judgments [賓]
- 定語從句:that science [主] can provide [謂] concerning the future consequences of present actions [定]
單詞:
Preface n.前言 序言
Critical a.重要的 關鍵的
Concerning vt.關於 涉及
解析:
- 第一個that引導表語從句,做is的表語
- 兩個逗號間是插入語,截斷了主語和謂語
- 冒號表示補充說明
- It is critical that...中的it是形式主語,真正的主語是後面的that從句
- 真正的主語中,包含一個定語從句,由that引導,修飾the best judgments
直譯:這個明確的消息就是我們應該採取行動保護我們自己。國家科學院的主任布魯斯在小組報告的前言中增加了這個關鍵點:「科學不會有所有的答案,但是科學的確能提供我們通往未來最可能的指南,而且,對於我們的國家和世界來說,基於科學提供的現在的行為對未來的影響的最佳判斷來制定重要的政策,也是非常關鍵的」
譯文:明確無誤的信息是,我們應當行動起來保護自己。國家科學院院長布魯斯艾伯茨在該小組的報告前言上附加了這個要點:「科學不會解答所有的問題,但是科學的確為我們提供了通向未來最有用的指引,關鍵是我們的國家和整個世界在做最重要的決策時,應該以科學能夠提供得關於人類現在的行為對未來的影響的最佳判斷作為依據」
重點:
- 第一個that引導表語從句,做is的表語
- 兩個逗號間是插入語,截斷了主語和謂語
- 冒號表示補充說明
- It is critical that...中的it是形式主語,真正的主語是後面的that從句
- 真正的主語中,包含一個定語從句,由that引導,修飾the best judgments