過於聰明的人,常常會把最基本的常識給忘了!
「物無美惡,過則為災。」很多人不太明白「聰明反被聰明誤」是什麼意思,其實就是過了——「過於聰明的人,常常會把最基本的常識給忘了!」
看網上視頻,有個大師信誓旦旦地說,「為什麼流浪漢蓬亂的頭髮那麼茂密,不禿頂?那是因為他們不洗頭,所以,禿頂的原因一定是洗髮水害的!」
可惜,評論很給力——流浪漢一般也都不動腦子!
為什麼流浪漢蓬亂的頭髮那麼茂密,不禿頂?
賽珍珠在《東風·西風》中,通過一位留洋的醫學博士之口,表達了對所謂的迷信和愚蠢的痛心疾首——試着翻譯如下:
『你記得鼓樓旁邊的那個於家嗎?他家的二太太因為再也受不了婆婆的毒舌,試圖上吊自殺。他們把我喊去,說實話,我是可以救活她的!她是剛剛放開繩子的時候被人發現的——剛剛!我馬上準備了急救措施。這時進來了個老朽的叔叔,他是一個賣酒的。你記得,老於先生已經去世了,而這個賣酒的現在是一家之主。他他怒氣沖沖地進來,並且馬上要求使用老辦法。他找來和尚敲起了鑼,想把這個女人的魂魄招回來,並讓她的親屬們聚過來,把這個可憐的沒有知覺的女孩——她還不到二十歲——擺置成跪的姿勢,然後他們小心翼翼地在她的鼻子和嘴巴里塞滿棉花和布,並在她的臉上裹上衣服!』
『但——但是,』我說,『這是慣常的做法啊——我們一直都這麼做啊。你看,太多的魂魄已經走了,他們必須堵住七竅把剩下的留住啊。』
他開始憤怒地滿屋子轉,然後,停在我面前,他的嘴唇緊閉。我甚至都能聽到他急促的喘息聲。他在瞪着我。
『什麼!』他吼着。『你也這麼認為?』
我嚇得直往後退。
『她死了嗎?』我小聲說。
『死了嗎?如果我長時間這麼做,你會不會死?』他粗暴地用一隻手抓住我的兩隻手,用另一隻手把他的手帕堵在我的嘴和鼻子上。我扭開他的手,把手帕扯開。他放聲大笑,象狗叫一樣,然後,坐下來,把頭埋在了手裡。我們靜靜地,沉浸在無限的痛苦中。
我們靜靜地,沉浸在無限的痛苦中。
感謝賽珍珠給我們介紹了這樣一個救助自縊的古老的方法,我不知道這個被稱為迷信的愚蠢方法管不管用,我只是覺得,這個聰明的醫生是不是忘了點什麼?堵住一個已經沒有呼吸的人的七竅和堵住一個大活人的口鼻,能一樣嗎?這個已經沒有了呼吸的女孩,如果感覺到了窒息,她不就是已經被救活過來了嗎?
查了一下古書,別說,還真有這樣一種救助方法,早在南宋的提刑官宋慈所做的一部古代法醫著作《洗冤集錄》中就有如下記載:
宋提刑《洗冤集錄》救助自縊的相關內容
若縊,從早至夜雖冷亦可救;從夜至早稍難。若心下溫,一日以上猶可救,不得截繩,但款款抱解放卧,令一人踏其兩肩,以手拔其發常令緊;一人微微捻整喉嚨,依先以手擦胸上散動之;一人磨搦臂、足屈伸之,若已僵,但漸漸強屈之;又按其腹。如此一飯久即氣從口出,復呼吸、眼開。勿苦勞動。又以少官桂湯及粥飲與之,令潤咽喉。更令二人以筆管吹其耳內。若依此救,無有不活者。
又法:緊用手罨其口,勿令通氣,兩時許氣急即活。
又用皂角、細辛等分為末,如大豆許吹兩鼻孔。
注意其中的第二種方法:緊緊地用手按住死者的嘴,不讓它通氣,約兩個時辰左右,氣憋急了就活了。嚴重懷疑這是在留洋博士醫生採用了第一種方法,在按摩喉嚨,胸背,四肢的基礎上,仍然無效的時候,不得已採取的第二種急救助方法。
只可惜,這種方法,不知道什麼原因,最終也沒見效。
East Wind, West Wind by Pearl S. Buck
附:英文原文
『Do you remember the Yu family next to the Drum Tower? Their Second Lady tried to commit suicide today by hanging herself! It seems she could no longer endure the viperish tongue of her mother-in-law. They called me in and, mind you, I could have saved her! She had only just let go the rope when they found her—only just! I prepared the remedies at once.
Then in came the aged uncle, who is a wine merchant. Old Mr. Yu, you remember, is dead, and the wine merchant is the head of the family now. He came in blustering and angry and at once demanded that the old methods should be used. He sent for the priests to beat the gongs to call the woman』s soul back, and her relatives gathered about and placed the poor unconscious girl—she is not twenty yet— into a kneeling position on the floor; then they deliberately filled her nose and mouth with cotton and cloth and bound clothing around her face!』
『But—but,』 I said, 『it is the custom—it is what is always done. You see, so much of the spirit is already escaped that they must keep the rest in by closing the orifices .』
He had begun to walk around the room in his agitation. Now he stopped before me, his lips pressed together. I could hear his quick breathing. He actually glared at me.
『What!』 he shouted. 『You, too?』
I shrank back.
『Did she die?』 I whispered.
『Die? Would you die if I did this long enough?』 and he seized my hands in one of his and placed his handkerchief roughly over my mouth and nose. I twisted free and tore it away. He gave a laugh as hard as a dog』s bark and sat down with his head in his hands, and we remained in silence as heavy as pain.
—East Wind, West Wind by Pearl S. Buck