National Hero Zheng Chenggong (1624-1662), from Nan'an, Fujian Province, his real name was Sen, his young name was Fusong, his courtesy name was Mingyan, and his nickname was Damu. Emperor Longwu of the Southern Ming Dynasty gave the surname Zhu, and his name was Chenggong, and he was also called "Guoxianye" among the people.
1662, Zheng Chenggong led his army to expel the Dutch colonists who had occupied Taiwan for 38 years, prevented the invasion of China by foreign Western forces, safeguarded the national territorial integrity, and made immortal achievements. After the recovery of Taiwan, Zheng Chenggong and his descendants took a series of political, economic and cultural measures to develop and build Taiwan, laying a solid foundation for Taiwan's development.
Heroic spirit in heaven and earth, and the ages are still astonishing. For more than 300 years, Zheng Chenggong has been deeply respected by the people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, and the historical relics he left have become the common spiritual wealth and cultural heritage of all Chinese people. This article traces back and presents Zheng Chenggong's loyal patriotism and his everlasting heroic spirit, which inspires future generations to learn from the good, move forward generously, and strive to realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
01
Loyalty starts from An, Minnan
Binbin Confucian uniform and also Confucian crown
Kaiji ancestral land
Nan Shijing is a coastal ancient town on the southeast coast of Fujian. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Zheng Mian (named Yinshi) settled and proliferated in Shijing, becoming the founding ancestor of the Zheng family in Shijing. Zheng Chenggong is the twelfth generation grandson of the Ishii Zheng family.
Young talent
In the third year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1630), Zheng Zhilong was seven years old and named Fusong, who was young and named Fusong, changed his name to Sen. He hoped that his son would become a talent and invited famous teachers to teach him. After more than 10 years of hard study, Zheng Chenggong grew from a child student in the private school to a county school student and then to an Imperial College, and grew into a Confucian scholar who was dedicated to the world.
Nan Confucian Temple
Nan County Confucian Temple (also known as Nan'an County School) was built in Northern Song Dynasty during the Jingkang period, and was moved to the southern foot of Wuting Mountain, which is about three miles east of Nan'an County (now belonging to Zhaolian Community, Fengze District, Quanzhou City). In the 11th year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1638), 15-year-old Zheng Chenggong entered Nan'an County as a student.
02
supports the southeast half of the sky
There are also Zheng Yanping
m in the world and Zheng Yanping
In the 17th year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1644), the Qing army entered the pass , and the Jianyuan " Shunzhi ". The following year, Nanjing was captured by the Qing army, and the Ming Tang king Zhu Youjian retreated south to Fujian. Zheng Zhilong, Huangdao Zhou and others regarded him as emperors in Fuzhou and changed his reign to " Longwu ". Zheng Chenggong followed his father Zheng Zhilong to meet with Emperor Longwu , and put forward unique insights on the world situation and military strategy.
接本新方新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新新� Over the past ten years, he went south to serve the king, established a base, and went north to attack the Qing Dynasty. His footprints spread across the coastal areas of Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, leaving behind many cultural relics and historical sites.
3p pen to join the army
In December of the first year of Longwu in the Southern Ming Dynasty (the second year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, 1645), Emperor Longwu led his army to fight in person, Zheng Chenggong led the army to accompany him, guarded Yanping, and was responsible for important tasks such as patrolling and guarding the pass.
In the second year of Longwu (the third year of Shunzhi, 1646), Zheng Chenggong burned Confucian scarves and condors near the Confucian Temple in Nan'an County, and since then he joined the army.
Going south to serve the king
In the second year of Longwu in the Southern Ming Dynasty (the third year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, 1646), King Gui Zhu Youlang ascended the throne in Zhaoqing, Guangdong, and changed the reign to " Yongli ". Zheng Chenggong respected Yongli as orthodox, and agreed with Li Dingguo to support each other, opening up two major battlefields of the Anti-Qing Dynasty in the southeast and southwest. In the 11th year of Yongli (the 14th year of Shunzhi, 1657), Emperor Yongli proposed to grant Zheng Chenggong the title of King Yanping . In the 13th year of Yongli (the 16th year of Shunzhi, 1659), Zhou Jintang and Liu Guozhu arrived at Xiamen and were officially enthroned.
Zheng Chenggong rushed to southern Fujian, eastern Guangdong and other places, repeatedly defeated the Qing army in the southeast battlefield, and "business to support the war, and spread the country through the ocean", actively developed maritime trade, and solved the support of the army.
Established a base
In the fourth year of Yongli of the Southern Ming Dynasty (the seventh year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, 1650), Zheng Chenggong seized Zhongzuo (now Xiamen) as the base, and his military strength further grew. At its peak, he had more than 200,000 elite troops from land and land and thousands of ships of all sizes, controlling the vast sea area south of the Yangtze River Estuary. At the beginning of the ninth year of Yongli (the twelfth year of Shunzhi, 1655), the Zhongzuo was changed to " Simingzhou ", becoming an important military fortress and an outpost for driving the Dutch and restoring Taiwan.
Northernly attacked the Qing
Starting the ninth year of Yongli of the Southern Ming Dynasty (the twelfth year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, 1655), Zheng Chenggong led his army to carry out the Northern Expedition several times, which lasted four and a half years. During this period, in the 13th year of Yongli (the 16th year of Shunzhi, 1659), Zheng Chenggong was at the city of Nanjing, which was the most glorious moment in his anti-Qing cause. He wrote a poem full of confidence, " Departure to confront Manyi from Guazhou to Jinling ": "White to the river and swore to destroy Hu, and the powerful army swore 100,000 to swallow Wu. Look at the natural crucifixion, and I don't believe that the Central Plains are not surnamed Zhu."
Zheng Chenggong Burning Qingyi Site
Zheng Chenggong Burning Qingyi Site is located in Fengzhou, Nan'an (now Beifeng Street, Fengze District), in the second year of Longwu in the Southern Ming Dynasty (the third year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, 1646). Zheng Chenggong, who had experienced great changes in his family and country, came here to worship Confucius. He burned green clothes in front of Kuixing Pavilion and sighed, "I used to be a child, but now I am an orphan minister. I have my own use. I sincerely thank the Confucian uniforms, and only learn from the ancestors!"
Nan'ao Island recruitment site
Han'ao Island Recruitment Site
Nan'ao Island is located on the sea surface at the junction of Fujian, Guangdong and Taiwan. Since ancient times, it has been a maritime fortress of "the barrier of Chaoshan, the throat of Guangdong and Fujian". In the second year of Longwu in the Southern Ming Dynasty (the third year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, 1646), after Zheng Chenggong met with civil and military officials in Kinmen, he went to Nan'ao Island to recruit soldiers and train the navy here. Nan'ao Island is an important base for Zheng Chenggong, and there are historical sites such as recruiting trees in front of the palace and Zheng Chenggong's place of asking for gods.
Gulangyu Longtoushanzhai site
Longtoushanzhai site is located on Gulangyu Riguang Rock, Siming District, Xiamen City. In the first year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty (the fourth year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, 1647), Zheng Chenggong established Xiamen as the base for the anti-Qing Dynasty restoration, and Longtoushan (i.e., Riguangyan ) was one of the defense sites of its village.
03
opens up the thorns and haystacks
It has been the gateway to the southeastern coastal areas of China in ten years. Since the 16th century, Taiwan has been occupied by Spanish and Dutch colonists. In the 16th year of Yongli of the Southern Ming Dynasty (the first year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, 1662), Zheng Chenggong led his army to expel the Dutch colonists and recovered Taiwan.
Training troops in the 14th year of Yongli of the Southern Ming Dynasty (the seventeenth year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, 1660), the Qing court implemented the "relocation of the border" along the southeast coast and concentrated its military forces to try to annihilate Zheng Chenggong's anti-Qing army. Zheng Chenggong reorganized the army and trained troops, and made every effort to deal with the severe strategic situation.
Carelying to enter
In the fifteenth year of the Yongli period of the Southern Ming Dynasty (the 18th year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, 1661), Zheng Chenggong led the Central Army camp to move to Kinmen (formerly known as Wuzhou) and prepare to regain Taiwan. In mid-March, the Zheng army's Eastern Expedition fleet gathered in Kinmen Liuluo Bay and held an oath.
March 23 Mazu Birthday, Zheng Chenggong worshipped Mazu at Shunji Palace in Kinmen, led his army to Penghu, forcing his strait, and landed in Taiwan from Luermen on the first day of April.
Driving the Netherlands to Taiwan
On the first day of April in the fifteenth year of Yongli of the Southern Ming Dynasty (the eighteenth year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, 1661), Zheng Chenggong led his army to land from Luermen and fought fiercely with the Dutch army. He soon recovered the Prominzhe City built by the Dutch people, and then surrounded the city of Relanzhe for nine months.On February 1, 1662, the Dutch colonists signed the surrender document and evacuated Taiwan. Taiwan, which had been occupied for 38 years, returned to the embrace of the motherland.
Minglege Dongning
After the recovery of Taiwan, Zheng Chenggong built prefectures, developed Confucianism, built city walls, implemented military farms, rewarded immigration, and developed and built Taiwan. After his son Zheng Jing succeeded to the throne, he worked hard to govern, and Taiwan's political, economic and cultural construction was further developed.
Kinmen Liaoluowan "Sacrifice to the River" oath place
Liluowan is located on the southeast coast of Kinmen Island , facing Taiwan Strait , and is called the "gate" of Kinmen. In the fifteenth year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty (the 18th year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, 1661), Zheng Chenggong led his troops here to "sacrifice the river" and swore to the army, preparing to go out to Taiwan.
04
Who can cut the long whale with naked hands
I am worthy of the name of the Legend of Heroes
Monument Bluestone is famous, and the glorious historical sites reflect the sky. Over the past hundreds of years, Zheng Chenggong's great achievements have been remembered and praised by the people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. People on both sides of the Taiwan Strait built tombs, temples, and memorial halls, and established research associations to express their remembrance of national heroes.
3sold forever on both sides of the Taiwan Strait
In the 16th year of the Yongli period of the Southern Ming Dynasty (the first year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, 1662), Zheng Chenggong died in Taiwan at the age of 39. His son Zheng Jing inherited the throne. After the Qing Dynasty unified Taiwan, Emperor Kangxi issued an edict to approve Zheng Chenggong's burial home Nan'an .
3 After Zheng Chenggong passed away, people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait either erect monuments or statues, or named roads and bridges after "Success" and "Yanping" or "Yanping", or built temples and temples to commemorate Zheng Chenggong for many years.
Qianqiu Changhuai
For a long time, commemoration activities from all walks of life for Zheng Chenggong have been continuously. In 1962, Xiamen, Nan'an and other places held activities to commemorate the 5300th anniversary of Zheng Chenggong's recovery of Taiwan, and built a memorial hall. Since then, many places on both sides of the Taiwan Strait have also built memorial halls and established research associations to carry out commemorative activities.
Tainan Confucius Temple
Tainan Confucius Temple is located in Nanmen Road, Tainan City. It is the earliest Confucian temple in Taiwan. It was built for Zheng Chenggong to consult with the army Chen Yonghua . Zheng Chenggong obeyed Confucianism throughout his life and respected Confucian scholars. After opening his home in Taiwan, he revitalized culture and education. A group of surviving officials and literati from the late Ming Dynasty followed Zheng Chenggong and his son Zheng Jing to Taiwan, bringing the seeds of Confucian education and the imperial examination system .
Shijing Zhengcheng Temple
Zhengcheng Temple is located on the eastern foot of Aofeng, Shijing Town, Nan'an City, and was built in 1998. It covers an area of more than 10,000 square meters. The temple faces the sea. The buildings are majestic and magnificent. The main hall has five rooms wide, with three-eaves and two dragons playing with pearls on the top of the hard mountain, carved beams and painted pillars, which are ingenious. There are eight bluestone dragon pillars in front, and eighteen large stone pillars on both sides and behind the hall.
·Chronology of the life events of Zheng Chenggong·
AD 1624 AD, born in Hirado, Japan;
In 1630 AD, he returned to China at the age of 7 and lived in Anping Port; ml2 In 1644, he was admitted to the Imperial College in Nanjing at the age of 21; In 1645, he was given the surname "Zhu" at the age of 22, and his name was successfully changed; In 1646, he burned green clothes at the age of 23, and joined the army; In 1658, at the age of 35, he was named King Yanping, and the Northern Expedition Anti-Qing and Restoring Ming ; In March 1661, at the age of 38, he assembled warships and vowed to the east to march; On April 30, 1661, the Battle of Luermen landed in Taiwan; On January 25, 1662, the city of Relanzha (now Anping Castle ) was captured; on February 1, 1662, the leader of the Dutch colonists, Kiyi, signed the surrender document and withdrew from Taiwan, and Taiwan, which had been occupied for 38 years, returned to the embrace of the motherland.
On June 23, 1662, he died at the age of 39.
Source: China Fujian-Taiwan Museum
Editor: Shang Meier Review: Tang Lihong
