(1) Key points for anti-leakage construction when the pipe passes through the floor slab 1) When the plastic drainage riser passes through the floor slab is fixed support, as shown in Figure 1, and when the plastic drainage riser passes through the floor slab is non-fixed support

(1) Key points for anti-leakage construction when the pipe penetrates the floor slab

1) When the plastic drainage riser passes through the floor slab is fixed support, as shown in Figure 1, and when the plastic drainage riser passes through the floor slab is non-fixed support, as shown in Figure 2, the method of setting up a steel casing.

① For the use of a water stop ring, it must be done: the water stop ring and UPVC pipe must be closely combined. Be firmly glued. When filling holes, the outer wall of the UPVC pipe must be woven horizontally, glued, and fine sand twice to facilitate the tight bonding of fine stone concrete and pipe wall;

② When installing steel casings, you must pay attention to: the casing should be pre-buried when applying concrete floors, so that the leakage prevention effect is best (but the casing coordinates are not easy to grasp accurately). The inner diameter of the casing can be 10-20mm larger than the outer manifold of the through-pipe. The top of the casing is 50mm higher than the floor and the bottom is flush with the ceiling. The gap between the tube and casing is sealed with asphalt linseed, oil paste and other waterproof caulking materials.

2) After the installation, the formwork should be supported in conjunction with civil engineering, and fine stone concrete with no lower strength level of floor slab should be poured in two batches, poured 2/3H for the first time, and poured 1/3H for the second time. After each blocking, watering and water storage tests should be carried out. Only after 24 hours does not leak or blocking can be performed next time. After the pouring is completed, combined with the leveling layer or surface layer construction, an water-blocking circle with a thickness of not less than 20mm and a width of not less than 30mm should be built around the pipeline.

(2) Key points for anti-leakage construction when pipes penetrate the roof

1) UPVC pipes directly out of the roof UPVC pipes must use steel casings to directly penetrate the roof. According to whether there is a thermal insulation layer on the roof, two methods are divided into Figure 3 and Figure 4.

2) Add cast iron hoops to the roof of UPVC pipe. Add cast iron hoops to the upper and lower holes of UPVC pipes. Pay attention to the connection:

① The interface is strictly prohibited from being set in a concrete floor slab. The quality of the cast iron hoops must be good, and there must be no defects such as sand holes, cracks, etc.; the outer wall of the UPVC pipe inserted into the holes of the hoops must be woven, glued, and fine sand to ensure that the interface is connected tightly;

② The interface is filled with hemp silk and the cement holes must not be wiped with ordinary cement mortar , the gap between the ring joints is even, and the gray mouth is flat, full, smooth, and well-maintained.

3) uses cast iron pipe out of the roof.

is UPVC pipe inside, and the roof is cast iron pipe with an outlet. The method is basically the same as (the UPVC pipe is added with a cast iron hoop when the roof is penetrated). The method is added with a cast iron hoop when the roof is penetrated. This method of cast iron pipes that exit the roof must be reliably connected to the roof lightning protection grounding system. No matter which way it is, it must be done:

① When the roof waterproof layer is constructed, flexible waterproof material should be wrapped around the bottom of the pipe, especially the interface and casing, waterproof material should be firmly adhered to the pipe wall (or use galvanized iron hoops to lock and fix it depending on the material);

② For sloped roof tiles, the gap between the breathable pipe and color tiles should be waterproof and casing materials or epoxy resins should be used for the gap between the air duct and color tiles . Seal tightly;

③ Whether it is cast iron pipe or UPVC pipe out of the roof, the ventilation pipe adopts UPVC breathable cap to prevent the iron wire breathable cap from rotting and falling into the drainage vertical pipe to block the pipe;

④ For cast iron pipe out of the roof and although it is UPVC pipe out of the roof, cast iron hoops are used to penetrate the floor slab, that is, there is an interface. It is advisable to add rain cover to the breathable pipe to prevent rainwater from flowing into the indoors through the inner wall of the roof pipe, the interface, and the outer wall of the indoor pipe. There should be a gap between the rain cover and the breathable cap.

(3) Pipe passes through the wall and anti-leakage construction points

Pipe passes through the wall mainly indoor water supply and drainage pipes pass through the inner wall and drainage pipes pass through the basement exterior wall. Plastic water supply pipes pass through the wall and indoor drainage pipes pass through the wall or pipeline wells must be equipped with casings, and both sides of the casing are flush with the finish. To prevent water seepage on the wall, the surroundings of the casing should be tamped with mortar, the gap between the pipe and the casing should be filled with waterproof seam material, and the ring joints should be even. When the pipe penetrates the basement exterior wall, waterproof measures should be taken, and rigid or flexible waterproof casing can be set according to the design requirements.

(4) Sanitary equipment and its anti-leakage construction points for connecting to pipelines

1) Toilet installation

① The height of the floor of the climbing manager shall not be less than 10mm. It is best not to install toilets for the initial decoration of the floor. If installed, the height of the climbing manager must be appropriately increased;

② Use a water stop ring when climbing managers penetrate the floor slab;

③ The connection of the flushing pipe and the toilet and the water tank should be straight to ensure that the upper and lower interfaces are tight and do not leak;

④ The accessories of the toilet and the water tank must be supplied in a complete set to ensure the sealing performance and flushing performance of the toilet.

2) Washbasin installation

① The connection between the washbasin downpipe and the UPVC drain pipe socket must be transitioned with a converter;

② The drainage bolt and the drainage short pipe are connected by a transition pipe clamp;

③ Do not use a drainage hose to directly insert it into the drainage pipe.

3) The floor under the bathtub installation must be flat, and a gap must be left between the floor drain, maintenance door and floor at a slope of no less than 7% to prevent water collection under the bathtub from being discharged and leaking. The connection between the bathtub downpipe and the drain pipe socket must be transitioned with a conversion joint. After the installation of sanitary utensils, a water storage test must be conducted to ensure that no leakage is qualified.

Concealed and connected water supply plastic pipes and composite pipes with concealed installation and connection of leakage prevention construction points

1) Concealed installation of water supply plastic pipes and composite pipes with concealed installation

① The buried part. Direct buried laying is for wall laying and laying in the leveling layer on the floor (ground). The pipes shall not be buried directly in the structural layer. The height of the horizontal pipes laid by the wall should not be greater than 0.45m, and the regulations on hot water pipes on the upper and cold water pipes on the lower surface should be followed.

② Set up water divider (for aluminum-plastic composite pipe ). The pipes directly buried in the leveling floor of the building (ground) should be laid along the corner of the wall in the walkway, hall, and bedroom. Water dividers should be installed in the kitchen and bathroom, and each branch pipe should be allowed to reach each water distribution point at the shortest distance. The pipes directly buried should be equipped with a whole pipeline. There should be no three-way connection branch pipes in the middle, and the valve should be installed at the end of the directly buried pipe.

③Setting of pipe groove. The pipe grooves that are directly buried and laid in the pipeline should be reserved during civil construction. The bottom and wall of the pipe groove should be flat and without protruding sharp objects. The width of the pipe groove should be 40-50mm larger than the nominal outer diameter of the pipe, and the depth of the pipe groove should be 20-25mm larger than the nominal outer diameter of the pipe.

④ Pipeline crossing and connection. At the intersection of the pipe and the pipe, the inner pipe should be bent back and forth to ensure that the thickness of the protective layer of the pipe and the connection between the pipe fittings is not subject to external force, or the hot and cold water pipes are laid along both sides of the wall to avoid the crossing of the hot and cold water pipes. The connection between the pipe and the pipe fittings should be straight, and the connection should not be subject to force to prevent water seepage after long-term use.

⑤ The angle of the pipeline. When the pipe exits the wall to the pipeline well or reserved pipe grooves and other corners, it is necessary to ensure that the pipe bending radius meets the requirements (pipes with nominal outer diameter not greater than 32mm, when turning, try to use the pipe itself to bend directly and the bending radius must not be less than 5 times the outer diameter of the pipeline. When the pipe is bent, special bending tools should be used, and they should be bent at one time and must not be bent many times) or connected with an elbow.

⑥ Filling of pipe grooves. The filling of the pipe groove should be carried out in two layers of M7.5 cement mortar. The first layer should be filled to the depth of the 3/4 groove. When the mortar is initially set, the pipe should be slightly shaken left and right to form a gap between the pipe wall and the mortar. The second layer can be filled, and the filling of the pipe groove should be smoothed with the ground (wall) surface. The mortar must be dense and full. When the project is completed, the hidden hot and cold water pipes should be marked with different colors along the actual direction to avoid damage during secondary decoration and water leakage.

2) Connection between pipelines and pipelines

The connection between pipelines and pipelines is unreliable, which may cause water leakage. The water supply plastic pipes and composite pipes must use pipe fittings that are suitable for the pipe. Its interface can use rubber interface, bonding interface, hot melt connection , special pipe fitting connection and flange connection . When connecting to metal pipe fittings, valves, etc., special pipe fittings are used. Wires must not be inserted on plastic pipes. Special attention should be paid to aluminum-plastic composite pipes when used as hot water pipes. Since the thermal expansion and contraction coefficients of pipes and copper accessories are different, it is easy for users to crack the accessories after using them for a period of time and cause water leakage.Similar problems occur in many projects. To avoid this, thickened accessories should be selected during construction. In addition, to prevent leakage and ensure water quality, water pressure and cleaning tests must be carried out strictly in accordance with the standards.

In short, indoor water supply and drainage pipelines adopt effective anti-leakage and anti-blocking technical measures and conduct water and ball tests in the design and construction process to check and control pipeline leakage and plugging, which can minimize leakage and plugging in the water supply and drainage system and ensure the smooth and normal operation of the construction project. Reduce unnecessary economic losses and bring unnecessary trouble to users.