Duan Qirui
He is one of the "Three Heroes of Beiyang".
He is the most trusted confidant of Yuan Shikai .
He is the first person behind Yuan Shikai in the Beiyang Army .
Yuan Shikai
He is strong and domineering,
He is decisive and decisive.
He advocates force,
He is rigorous and rigid.
He forced the Qing emperor to abdicate, boycotted Yuan Shikai's title of emperor, and attacked Zhang Xun and restored to create a republic.
Duan Qirui
He took sides with Britain and France, declared war on Germany, and made China the victorious country of World War I .
He was killed by Xu Shuzheng to recover Outer Mongolia and maintain national unity.
During the Anti-Japanese War , he refused to communicate with the Japanese and advocated the fight against Japan.
Duan Qirui
He has the reputation of governing the country with a martial artist.
He made a big mistake in creating the August 13th tragedy.
He mixed reviews.
He is Beiyang Tiger -Duan Qirui.
Duan Qirui
1865 On March 6, Duan Qirui was born in Lu'an City, Anhui Province.
is the 38th generation grandson of , and his ancestral home is Boyang City, Jiangxi Province.
Duan Xiushi
Duan Qirui's grandfather Duan Pei, once sold private salt with Liu Mingchuan , organized a group training, attacked the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and was a general of the Huai Army under the command of Li Hongzhang .
Duan Qirui grew up in the military camp since childhood.
is serious and rigid, serious, decisive, and domineering.
Taiwan's modernization father - Liu Mingchuan
2. Wubei Academy
1881, 17-year-old Duan Qirui joined the Huai Army and worked under his uncle who served as the commander of the Huai Army.
Zhili Governor and Beiyang Minister Li Hongzhang founded Beiyang Military Preparation School in Tianjin to cultivate new types of military talents.
Li Hongzhang
Duan Qirui was recommended to enter the Artillery Department of Beiyang Military Preparation School.
is known as "Martial Double Show" together with Feng Guozhang .
Feng Guozhang
Li Hongzhang inspects Beiyang Military Preparation School.
Duan Qirui operates cannons , five shots and five shots.
Li Hongzhang was very happy to learn that Duan Qirui was a fellow villager in Anhui and that Duan Qirui's grandfather was once a general under his command.
Li Hongzhang
So, Duan Qirui took the exam in person.
Duan Qirui's answers were fluent, without any deviation.
Li Hongzhang was excited and praised: "This boy is familiar with military affairs and is very worthy of training. He is really the rising star of our Huai Army."
Li Hongzhang
Not long after, Li Hongzhang submitted a report to the Qing court: China wants to be self-reliant, but can only learn from the advanced experience of the Westerners. The Westerners' strong ships and cannons are backed by advanced technologies such as astronomy, geography, mathematics, and manufacturing. Therefore, talents should be selected and the origin should be pursued directly within advanced countries.
Li Hongzhang
Beiyang Wubei Academy took the opportunity to send five students to study in Germany. The list of
was handed over to Li Hongzhang.
After Li Hongzhang carefully examined Duan Qirui's name, he did not see Duan Qirui's name, so he waved his pen and drew the name of one of the students, wrote Duan Qirui's name on it, and ranked first.
Li Hongzhang
1889 In the spring of 1889, Duan Qirui went to study at the Berlin Army Academy in Germany.
In Germany, Duan Qirui not only learned military knowledge, but also accepted republican ideas.
Duan Qirui's personality was also influenced by the Germans and became rigorous and rigid , advocated force .
Duan Qirui
After returning to China, Duan Qirui's overseas status made him suppressed by the conservatives in China and he was depressed for a long time.
1895, Sino-Japanese War between and 1895 broke out.
In Weihaiwei, Duan Qirui personally operated artillery and fought fiercely with the Japanese army.
Sino-Japanese War in 1894-1895
Yuan Shikai is in the Tianjin small station, training the new army.
Duan Qirui entered the small station and served as the artillery battalion leader.
Wang Shizhen , Duan Qirui and Feng Guozhang became Yuan Shikai's most trusted confidants and were praised as "Three Heroes of Beiyang" .
Wang Shizhen
Feng Guozhang
Duan Qirui is praised as the "Tiger of Beiyang" because of his strong and domineering personality and decisive behavior.
1901, Li Hongzhang died of illness. Yuan Shikai took over as the governor of Zhili and minister of Beiyang, becoming a powerful figure that has attracted attention from both China and abroad.
As Yuan Shikai's most trusted confidant, Duan Qirui embarked on the fast lane of winning the title of officials and gaining titles.
Li Hongzhang
Yuan Shikai
When the Eight-Nation Alliance invaded China, Cixi and Guangxu fled from Beijing to Xi'an.
After the signing of the Xin Chou Treaty, Cixi and Guangxu returned to Beijing from Xi'an.
The officials along the way kneeled to greet them.
Cixi and Guangxu
Only Duan Qirui's army greeted him with military salutes.
Manchu nobles believed that Duan Qirui was very ruthless.
Duan Qirui believes that a new era requires new ideas, and sticking to the rules can only be eliminated by the times.
Duan Qirui
1908, Guangxu and Cixi passed away one after another, Puyi ascended the throne and became emperor, and Puyi's father Zaifeng assisted the government.
Zaifeng and Yuan Shikai were in conflict and wanted to kill Yuan Shikai.
Duan Qirui created a fake mutiny, forcing Zaifeng not to act rashly.
Zhaifeng and Puyi
In the end, Zaifeng dismissed Yuan Shikai from his official position and drove him back to Henan.
Duan Qirui held heavy troops and often went to Henan to discuss secretly with Yuan Shikai.
On October 10, 1911, the Wuchang Uprising broke out.
Wuchang Uprising
Qing Dynasty urgently dispatched the Beiyang army to Wuchang to quell the rebellion.
The Beiyang Army held its troops unmoved, indicating that it would only obey Yuan Shikai's orders. The precarious Qing Dynasty was forced to re-enable Yuan Shikai to take charge of military and political affairs.
Yuan Shikai immediately appointed Duan Qirui as the military commander of the Beiyang First Army and the governor of Huguang .
Yuan Shikai
Yuan Shikai knew very well that if the Beiyang army recovered Wuchang and eliminated the threat from the Qing Dynasty, then he would be abandoned by the Qing Dynasty again and ended up being cooked by the dead rabbit and dogs.
Therefore, on the one hand, he secretly made Duan Qirui bluff and did not launch a substantial attack on Wuchang, but on the other hand, he secretly sent people to negotiate with the South.
Duan Qirui implemented Yuan Shikai's orders very well, relied on the Beiyang Army and southern forces to force the Qing Dynasty to make concessions.
Duan Qirui
In the end, North and South talks for peace , the Qing emperor abdicated, and Yuan Shikai became the president of the Republic of China.
The Qing Dynasty, which ruled China for three hundred years, fell down with a bang.
Since then, the banishing dynasty has withdrew from the stage of Chinese history.
forced the Qing emperor to abdicate, which was considered to be Duan Qirui's creation of a republic.
Qing Emperor abdicated
This made Duan Qirui, who had accepted the republican thought, extremely dissatisfied.
There was a conflict between Yuan Shikai and Duan Qirui.
Yuan Shikai believed that Duan Qirui, the once most trusted confidant, had become the biggest obstacle to his becoming emperor, so he removed Duan Qirui from all his posts and put Duan Qirui under house arrest.
Yuan Shikai
twelve. Knowing the kindness of meeting
1915, Yuan Shikai defeated the world's great worries and proclaimed himself emperor, changing his reign to Hongxian .
Although Duan Qirui did not publicly object, he refused to participate.
Duan Qirui said to Liang Qichao : "I don't agree with Yuan Shikai's self-esteem, but I can't do it if I want me to publicly oppose him. Otherwise, people will call me ungrateful."
After all, Yuan Shikai had the kindness of Duan Qirui, and Duan Qirui has been Yuan Shikai's most trusted confidant for decades.
Liang Qichao
Thirteenth and fifth generals secretly
Cai E , Tang Jiyao organized protecting the country and fighting against Yuan.
Cai E
Tang Jiyao
Feng Guozhang took the opportunity to join forces with Jiangxi Governor Li Chun , Hunan Governor Tang Xiangming , Shandong Governor Jin Yunpeng , and Zhejiang Governor Zhu Rui sent "Five Generals Secret Message" to Yuan Shikai on March 20, 1916.
secretly asked Yuan Shikai to cancel his title of emperor and resign on his own and apologize to the people of the whole country.
Since then, Yuan Shikai's most trusted tiger Duan Qirui and Beiyang Dog Feng Guozhang have all opposed Yuan Shikai's pronouncement as emperor.
Feng Guozhang
Faced with the strong public opinion in the country and the betrayal of relatives and relatives within the Beiyang, Yuan Shikai, who knew that he had been in a disaster, announced on March 22 that he would cancel his title of emperor.
In order to clean up the mess, Yuan Shikai had to invite Duan Qirui back.
Yuan Shikai appointed Duan Qirui as Chief of Staff, responsible for national military affairs and peace talks with the National Guardian Army.
Duan Qirui
June 6, Yuan Shikai died of fear amid the scolding of the people of the whole country.
Duan Qirui takes charge of Beiyang in full.
boycotted Yuan Shikai's claim to be emperor, which was considered to be Duan Qirui's second creation of a republic.
Yuan Shikai became emperor
Li Yuanhong 6 is succeeded by the vice president.
Duan Qirui was appointed as Prime Minister.
Li Yuanhong
World War I broke out.
Duan Qirui hopes to rely on Britain and France and declare war on Germany.
Li Yuanhong refused to declare war on Germany.
The conflict between the two sides intensified, and Duan Qirui left Beijing and went to Tianjin.
The dispute between the government and the court broke out.
Duan Qirui
Zhang Xun pretended to mediate the dispute between the government and the court, led 5,000 braided troops into Beijing, restoring the imperial system.
Duan Qirui immediately organized the anti-rebellion army, swore an oath at the Tianjin Machang, and joined Feng Guozhang to attack Zhang Xun.
Soon after, Duan Qirui led his army to attack Beijing, drove away Zhang Xun, and restored the republic.
attacked Zhang Xun's restoration, which was considered to be Duan Qirui's three-time republic.
Zhang Xun
After the three creation of the republic, Duan Qirui entered his heyday.
Whether it is military strength or personal reputation, it has reached the peak of life.
1917, Feng Guozhang served as president and Duan Qirui served as Prime Minister.
Feng Guozhang
Soon, the contradiction between Duan Qirui and Feng Guozhang became increasingly sharp.
A year later, Feng Guozhang failed in the fight and gave the throne of president to the Beiyang veteran Xu Shichang .
In October 1919, Duan Qirui ordered Xu Shuzheng to recover Outer Mongolia .
Xu Shichang
Xu Shuzheng
Dec. On December 28, Feng Guozhang died of illness, and Cao Kun took over as the leader of the direct line.
Cao Kun and Zhang Zuolin to fight Duan Qirui together.
Duan Qirui was defeated, and all the soldiers under his command were killed or injured, so he had to be forced to resign.
Cao Kun
Zhang Zuolin
1924 On October 23, 1924, Cao Kun's confidant beloved Feng Yuxiang , overthrew Cao Kun, and Duan Qirui returned to serve in temporary rule.
At this time, Duan Qirui had no soldiers or soldiers under him. Although he was in a high position, he was in name only.
Feng Yuxiang
0On March 18, 1926, patriotic students went to the streets to petition because of protests against China by Britain, the United States, Japan and other eight countries. As a result, the guards shot, killing 47 people and injuring more than 200 people. It is known in history as the "March 18th Massacre" .
Learning that the tragedy happened, Duan Qirui sighed: "A lifetime of reputation is ruined!"
immediately arrived at the scene and knelt down in the face of the students.
Duan Qirui
Shortly, Lu Xun wrote in the article "Memory of Liu Hezhenjun": "A real warrior, dares to face the bleak life, dares to face the blood of the blood", and "Silent, silent! If you don't explode in silence, you will perish in silence."
A month later, under strong public opinion, Duan Qirui announced his resignation and lived in seclusion in Tianjin.
Lu Xun
1931, the September 18th Incident broke out, and Japan invaded Northeast my country.
Japan lures Duan Qirui.
Duan Qirui secretly fled Tianjin and went to Shanghai, refusing to communicate with the Japanese.
On November 2, 1936, Duan Qirui died of illness in his residence in Shanghai at the age of 72.
Duan Qirui
Duan Qirui is strong and domineering, and cannot form a good team with Li Yuanhong and Feng Guozhang.
He advocates force and firmly believes that only by force can we unify the world.
Duan Qirui
With his force, he suppressed all directions, and the world was silent, reaching the peak of his life.
superstitious about force, he was attacked by a group, defeated, and fell from the peak to the bottom.
He succeeds and fails.
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